Korean Buddhism is distinguished from other forms of Buddhism by its attempt to resolve what its early practitioners saw as inconsistencies within the Mahayana Buddhist traditions that they received from foreign countries. To address this, they developed a new holistic approach to Buddhism that became a distinct form, an approach characteristic of virtually all major Korean thinkers. The resulting variation is called Tongbulgyo ("interpenetrated Buddhism"), a form that sought to harmonize previously arising disputes among scholars (a principle called hwajaeng 和諍).[1]
Centuries after Buddhism originated in India, the Mahayana tradition arrived in China through the Silk Road in the 1st century CE via Tibet; it then entered the Korean peninsula in the 4th century during the Three Kingdoms Period, from where it was transmitted to Japan. In Korea, it was adopted as the state religion of 3 constituent polities of the Three Kingdoms Period, first by the Goguryeo (also known as Goryeo) in 372 CE, by the Silla (Gaya) in 528 CE, and by the Baekje in 552 CE.[2]
As it now stands, Korean Buddhism consists mostly of the Seon Lineage, primarily represented by the Jogye and Taego Orders. The Korean Seon has a strong relationship with other Mahayana traditions that bear the imprint of Chan teachings as well as the closely related Zen. Other sects, such as the modern revival of the Cheontae lineage, the Jingak Order (a modern esoteric sect), and the newly formed Won, have also attracted sizable followings.[citation needed]
Korean Buddhism has contributed much to East Asian Buddhism, especially to early Chinese, Vietnamese, Japanese, and Tibetan schools of Buddhist thought.[3][4][5][6]
^Choi, Yong Joon (30 June 2006). Dialogue and antithesis. Vol. 2. Hermit Kingdom Press. ISBN 978-1-59689-056-5.
^Lee Injae, Owen Miller, Park Jinhoon, Yi Hyun-Hae, 2014, Korean History in Maps, Cambridge University Press, pp. 44-49, 52-60.
^Buswell, Robert E. (2005). Currents and countercurrents : Korean influences on the East Asian Buddhist traditions. Honolulu: University of Hawaiʻi Press. ISBN 0824827627.
^Chunwei Song (Oct. 2008). Heroes Brought Buddhism to the East of the Sea: A Fully Annotated Translation of The Preface of Haedong Kosŭng Chŏn Archived 2019-08-02 at the Wayback Machine, Sino-Platonic Papers 183
^"Korean Buddhism". Asiarecipe.com. 2003-08-14. Archived from the original on 2014-04-24. Retrieved 2012-03-06.
^The Tibetan Assimilation of Buddhism: Conversion, Contestation, and Memory - Matthew Kapstein - Google Books. Oxford University Press, USA. 2000-08-28. ISBN 9780198030072. Archived from the original on 2023-01-15. Retrieved 2012-03-06.
KoreanBuddhism is distinguished from other forms of Buddhism by its attempt to resolve what its early practitioners saw as inconsistencies within the...
Seon or Sŏn Buddhism (Korean: 선; Hanja: 禪; Korean pronunciation: [sʌn]) is the Korean name for Chan Buddhism, a branch of Mahāyāna Buddhism commonly known...
Won Buddhism (Korean: 원불교; Hanja: 圓佛敎) is a modern Buddhist religion originating in Korea. The name "Won Buddhism" comes from the Korean words 원/圓 won ("circle")...
version of Neo-Confucianism (i.e. Korean Confucianism) and suppressed and marginalised KoreanBuddhism and Korean shamanism. Buddhist monasteries were...
religions such as Buddhism and Confucianism, which coexisted alongside native Korean traditional religions. Buddhism was introduced to Korea first through...
life in Korea, often Korean Shamanism, Korean Taoism, KoreanBuddhism, Korean Confucianism and Silhak movements have shaped Korean life and thought. From...
Joseon kingdom (1392–1910) that Korean Confucianism was established as the state ideology and religion, and KoreanBuddhism underwent 500 years of suppression...
Pure Land Buddhism or Pure Land School (Chinese: 淨土宗; pinyin: Jìngtǔzōng; Japanese: 浄土仏教, romanized: Jōdo bukkyō; Korean: 정토종; RR: Jeongto-jong; Vietnamese:...
traveled to China and India to study Buddhism and various Korean Buddhist schools developed. Buddhism prospered in Korea during the North–South States Period...
IMF: South Korean popular religion in motion. Honolulu: Univ. of Hawaii Press. p. 19. ISBN 978-0-8248-3398-5. Buddhism in Korea, KoreanBuddhism Magazine...
canon. These include the various forms of Chinese, Japanese, Korean, and Vietnamese Buddhism in East Asia. East Asian Buddhists constitute the numerically...
The schools of Buddhism are the various institutional and doctrinal divisions of Buddhism that have existed from ancient times up to the present. The classification...
the Mongol Empire#Islam). Chinese, Korean, Japanese, Vietnamese, Taiwanese and Southeast Asian traditions of Buddhism continued. As of 2019, China by far...
Chinese Buddhism Cantonese (Hk): Buddhism in Hong Kong Japanese (Jp): Buddhism in Japan Korean (Ko): KoreanBuddhism Taiwanese Hokkien (Tw): Buddhism in Taiwan...
Buddhism (/ˈbʊdɪzəm/ BUUD-ih-zəm, US also /ˈbuːd-/ BOOD-), also known as Buddha Dharma and Dharmavinaya, is an Indian religion and philosophical tradition...
The term American Buddhism can be used to describe all Buddhist groups within the United States, including Asian-American Buddhists born into the faith...
AD, KoreanBuddhism spread rapidly to all of the states of the Three Kingdoms Period. Though Korean Shamanism had been an integral part of Korean culture...
"Buddhism in Korea". KoreanBuddhism Magazine. Seoul. 1997. Archived from the original on 26 April 2009. Retrieved 17 February 2009. "South Korea Now...
early Japanese Buddhism is strongly influenced by Chinese Buddhism and KoreanBuddhism. Though the "official" introduction of Buddhism to the country...
officially the Jogye Order of KoreanBuddhism (대한불교조계종, 大韓佛敎 曹溪宗), is the representative order of traditional KoreanBuddhism with roots that date back 1200...
was transported to Japan as Shingon Buddhism by Kūkai as well as influencing KoreanBuddhism and Vietnamese Buddhism. The Song dynasty (960–1279) saw a...
from the temple rituals, KoreanBuddhism became Japanization. The Japanese colonists promoted the Japanization of KoreanBuddhism to eradicate the inherent...
Jogye Order of KoreanBuddhism. McBride, R.D.I. (2008). Domesticating the Dharma: Buddhist Cults and the Hwaom Synthesis in Silla Korea, p. 109. Honolulu:...
2010), p.147 Park, Sung-bae (2009). One Korean's approach to Buddhism: the mom/momjit paradigm. SUNY series in Korean studies: SUNY Press. ISBN 0-7914-7697-9...
Mission Buddhism in Brazil Buddhism in Colombia Buddhism in Venezuela Buddhism in Ecuador Buddhism in Costa Rica Buddhism in Nicaragua Buddhism in Mexico...
northeast Asian context in discussing KoreanBuddhism is to distort KoreanBuddhism. Buddhism was introduced to Korea in the fourth century, during the Three...