The Kordofan giraffe (Giraffa antiquorum[2] or Giraffa camelopardalis antiquorum) is a species or subspecies of giraffe found in northern Cameroon, southern Chad, the Central African Republic, and possibly western Sudan.[3] Historically some confusion has existed over the exact range limit of this subspecies compared to the West African giraffe, with populations in e.g. northern Cameroon formerly assigned to the latter.[3] Genetic work has also revealed that all "West African giraffe" in European zoos are in fact Kordofan giraffe.[3] It has been suggested that the Nigerian giraffe's ancestor dispersed from East to North Africa during the Quaternary period and thereafter migrated to its current Sahel distribution in West Africa in response to the development of the Sahara desert.[4] Compared to most other subspecies, the Kordofan giraffe is relatively small at 3.8 to 4.7 meters,[5] with more irregular spots on the inner legs. Its English name is a reference to Kordofan in Sudan.[6][7] There are around 2,300 individuals living in the wild.[8]
The Christian Science Monitor lists only 38 individuals being alive in the embattled Garamba National Park in The Democratic Republic of Congo due to poaching; their skin is used for luxury goods and they are said to produce enough meat to feed poachers for weeks.[citation needed] Recent genetic studies also shows distinct genetic populations of giraffes that makes conservation of these subspecies even more important.[9]
The population in the Bénoué Complex, Cameroon (a landscape that consists of three national parks: Bénoué National Park, Faro National Park, Bouba Njida National Park); interconnected by 29 hunting zones), numbers fewer than 300 individuals as of 2023.[10] Illegal hunting represents the greatest threat to the subspecies, particularly in Bénoué National Park, where it may become locally extinct without further conservation interventions.[10]
^Fennessy, J. & Marais, A. (2018). "Giraffa camelopardalis ssp. antiquorum". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2018: e.T88420742A88420817.
^Groves, Colin; Grubb, Peter (2011). Ungulate Taxonomy. JHU Press. pp. 68–70. ISBN 9781421400938.
^ abcHassanin, A.; A. Ropiquet; A. L. Gourmand; B. Chardonnet & J. Rigoulet (2007). "Mitochondrial DNA variability in Giraffa camelopardalis: consequences for taxonomy, phylogeography and conservation of giraffes in West and central Africa". Comptes Rendus Biologies [fr]. 330 (3): 265–274. doi:10.1016/j.crvi.2007.02.008. ISSN 1631-0691. PMID 17434121.
^D'haen, Mathias; Fennessey, Julian; Stabach, Jared; Brandlova, Karolina (September 2019). "Population structure and spatial ecology of Kordofan giraffe in Garamba National Park, Democratic Republic of Congo". Ecology and Evolution. 9 (19): 11395–11405. doi:10.1002/ece3.5640. PMC 6802069. PMID 31641481 – via Web of Science.
^"Giraffe Species". www.Giraffworlds.com. 13 March 2014. Retrieved 2018-01-31.
^"Kordofan giraffe". Parc Animalier d'Auvergne. Retrieved 2 December 2020.
^"Keeping up with the Kordofans – a special subspecies of giraffe". Africa Geographic. Retrieved 2 December 2020.
^"Kordofan Giraffe Conservation in Chad". Giraffe Conservation. Retrieved 2 December 2020.
^Hinckley, Story (28 February 2016). "Why is this rare giraffe almost extinct?". The Christian Science Monitor. Retrieved 11 September 2016.
^ abColston, Kane (12 July 2023). "Viability analysis of Kordofan giraffe (Giraffa camelopardalis antiquorum) in a protected area in Cameroon". African Journal of Ecology. 61 (4): 929–944. doi:10.1111/aje.13196. S2CID 260644184. Retrieved 16 November 2023.
The Kordofangiraffe (Giraffa antiquorum or Giraffa camelopardalis antiquorum) is a species or subspecies of giraffe found in northern Cameroon, southern...
captive so-called "West African giraffe" are now known to be the Kordofangiraffe (G. c. antiquorum). Older studies on giraffe subspecies have caused some...
Buganda, the smoke of burning giraffe skin was traditionally used to treat nose bleeds.: 337 The Humr people of Kordofan consume the drink Umm Nyolokh...
The northern giraffe (Giraffa camelopardalis), also known as three-horned giraffe, is the type species of giraffe, G. camelopardalis, and is native to...
Baggara transhumants of southern Kordofan". Nomadic Peoples (39): 147–154. ISSN 0822-7942. Cunninson, Ian (1980). "Giraffe Hunting among the Humr Tribe"...
fauna. Bush elephants, West African lions, buffalo, hippopotamuses, Kordofangiraffes, antelopes, African leopards, cheetahs, hyenas, and many species of...
In 2024, African Parks reported over 80 Kordofangiraffes. Poaching is the greatest threat to Garamba's giraffe population. The park once had the last...
parts of Southern England. They also had conservation projects for Kordofangiraffe, Agalychnis lemur, Negros bleeding-heart pigeon, Sanje Mangabey and...
monkey Golden lion tamarin Guinea pig Hippopotamus Indian rhinoceros Kordofangiraffe Lesser kudu Lion Llama Miniature donkey Miniature pig North American...
National Park is also home for one of the last populations of the Kordofangiraffe (G. c. antiquorum). Kob antelope have increased to 5000 in the 1990s...
southwestern Kordofan in Sudan who speak Shuwa (Chadian Arabic), make a non-alcoholic drink from the liver and bone marrow of the giraffe, which they call...
of Kordofan and Darfur that includes the Habbaniya and Ta'isha. They speak Sudanese Arabic. Awlad Himayd live in eastern parts of South Kordofan. They...
Alodia to the south and exerted some influence in Upper Egypt and northern Kordofan. Increased aggression from Mamluk Egypt, internal discord, Bedouin incursions...
antiquus/Syncerus complexus), donkeys, elephants, fish (e.g., catfish, Nile perch), giraffes, hippopotamuses, ostriches, and rhinoceroses. Rock art is categorized into...
conditions elsewhere, or migrant species that are just passing through. The Kordofan sparrow (Passer cordofanicus) is endemic to Sudan and South Sudan. Insects...
people of southwestern Kordofan, Sudan consume the drink Umm Nyolokh, which is prepared from the liver and bone marrow of giraffes. Richard Rudgley hypothesises...
the Funj had converted to Islam. They pushed their empire westward to Kordofan. They expanded eastward, but were halted by Ethiopia. They controlled Nubia...
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