Historically Chinese region in northeastern Myanmar
This article is about the historical region. For the administrative division, see Kokang Self-Administered Zone. For the ethnic group, see Kokang Chinese.
Area de facto controlled by Shan State Special region 1
Country
Myanmar
State
Shan State
Formation of the MNDAA and SR1–SS
11 March 1989
MNDAA lost power
August 2009
MNDAA regain power
5 January 2024
Capital
Laukkai
Official languages
Burmese
Chinese
Government
• Chairman
Peng Daxun
• Vice Chairman
Li Laobao
• Secretary-General
Song Kecheng
Area
• Total
1,895 km2 (732 sq mi)
Highest elevation
2,548 m (8,360 ft)
Population
• 2009 estimate
150,000
Currency
Renminbi
Time zone
UTC+6:30 (MMT)
Driving side
right
Calling code
+86 (0)883
Location of the Kokang region (green) within Shan State (yellow).
Kokang (Burmese: ကိုးကန့်; Chinese: 果敢; pinyin: Guǒgǎn; Wade–Giles: Kuo-kan) is a region in Myanmar. It is located in the northern part of Shan State, with the Salween River to its west, and sharing a border with China's Yunnan Province to the east. Its total land area is around 1,895 square kilometers (732 sq mi).[1] The capital is Laukkai. Kokang is mostly populated by Kokang Chinese, a Han Chinese group living in Myanmar.
Kokang had been historically part of China for several centuries and is still claimed by the Republic of China to this day, but was largely left alone by successive governments due to its remote location. The region formed a de facto buffer zone between Yunnan province and the Shan States.[2] The Yang clan, originally Ming loyalists from Nanjing, consolidated the area into a single polity. In 1840, the Yunnan governor granted the Yang clan the hereditary rights as a vassal of the Qing dynasty.[2] After the British conquest of Upper Burma in 1885, Kokang was initially placed in China under the 1894 Sino-British boundary convention. It was ceded to British Burma in a supplementary agreement signed in February 1897.[3]
From the 1960s to 1989, the area was controlled by the Communist Party of Burma, and after the party's armed wing disbanded in 1989 it became a special region of Myanmar under the control of the Myanmar Nationalities Democratic Alliance Army (MNDAA). Armed conflicts between the MNDAA and the Tatmadaw have resulted in the 2009 Kokang incident and the 2015 Kokang offensive.
^Cite error: The named reference crossinto was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^ abLintner, Bertil (1999). Burma in Revolt: Opium and Insurgency since 1948. Silkworm Books. p. 60. ISBN 978-1-63041-184-8.
^Kratoska, Paul H. (13 May 2013). Southeast Asian Minorities in the Wartime Japanese Empire. Routledge. p. 40. ISBN 978-1-136-12514-0.
Kokang (Burmese: ကိုးကန့်; Chinese: 果敢; pinyin: Guǒgǎn; Wade–Giles: Kuo-kan) is a region in Myanmar. It is located in the northern part of Shan State,...
National Democratic Alliance Army (MNDAA) is an armed resistance group in the Kokang region of Myanmar (Burma). The army has existed since 1989, having been...
Kokang people (Chinese: 果敢華人; pinyin: Guǒgǎn Huárén or 果敢族 (Guǒgǎn zú); Burmese: ကိုးကန့်လူမျိုး) are Mandarin-speaking Han Chinese native to Kokang in...
Brotherhood Alliance successfully took control of the strategically important Kokang Self-Administered Zone (SAZ) following their decisive victory in the Battle...
The Kokang incident was a violent series of skirmishes that broke out in August 2009 in Kokang in Myanmar's northern Shan State. Several clashes between...
白所成; pinyin: Bái Suǒchéng; Burmese: ပယ်ဆောက်ချိန်; born 1 April 1950) is a Kokang politician from Shan State, Myanmar. He was a former deputy commander of...
Peng Deren (Chinese: 彭德仁; pinyin: Péng Dérén, born 1965), is a Burmese Kokang military leader serving as commander of the Myanmar National Democratic...
(MNDAA) encircling and capturing Laukkai, the capital of the Kokang Self-Administered Zone (Kokang SAZ) in northeastern Myanmar. The battle was part of the...
The 2015 Kokang offensive was a series of military operations launched by the Myanmar Army in 2015 in Kokang in northern Shan State, Myanmar (Burma)....
in southern Shan State. The SSIA, the SNUF, and the Kokang Force (a local army consisting of Kokang Chinese) agreed to merge into the Shan State Army (SSA)...
haka (အင်္ကျီတိုဟကာ) respectively. In Upper Myanmar and Shan Hills, the Kokang people predominate there. The Panthay have long been considered distinct...
Burmese: လောက်ကိုင်မြို့; Chinese: 老街; pinyin: Lǎojiē) is the capital of Kokang Self-Administered Zone in the northern part of Shan State, Myanmar. It is...
warlord and the sister of Sao Edward Yang Kyein Tsai, the saopha (chief) of Kokang, a state in post-independent Burma from 1949 to 1959. Olive Yang was born...
The Kokang Democracy and Unity Party (KDUP) is a political party in Myanmar (Burma) representing the interests of the Kokang Chinese and the administration...
National Democratic Alliance Army is an ethnic armed group representing the Kokang people in northern Myanmar. Prior to the coup, the group participated in...
The Chiefdom of Kokang (Chinese: 果敢土司; pinyin: Guǒgǎn Tǔsī), ruled by the Chinese Yang clan, was an autonomous Tusi chiefdom of the Qing dynasty. Its territory...
non-state actors, such as Kokang, also used Kakweye forces in the 20th century, stylizing the forces as a People's Defence Force. The Kokang tycoon and drug trafficker...
1918–1971) was the last traditional ruler (saopha) of the Chiefdom of Kokang from 1949, at the death of his father, saopha Sao Yang Wen Pin, until he...
Australia Red Rock River (Ontario) in Ontario, Canada Red Rock River (Kokang) in Kokang Special Region, Burma This disambiguation page lists articles associated...
Myanmar National Democratic Alliance Army (MNDAA): Also known as the Kokang Army, a Kokang nationalist group active in Myanmar. Karen National Liberation Army...
Shan State: Danu Self-Administered Zone (Ywangan and Pindaya townships), Kokang Self-Administered Zone (Konkyan and Laukkai townships) Pa Laung Self-Administered...
Anti-colonialist Pheung Kya-shin 彭家声 (Yunnanese) (born 1931), Leader of Kokang Special Region and Commander-in-Chief of Myanmar National Democratic Alliance...
ethnic Kokang-Chinese. His spouse, Zhang Xiaowen, is a Chinese citizen and native of Gengma County in Yunnan. Lo Hsing Han was born poor in Kokang district...
Democratic Alliance Army and the government of Myanmar. She was born in Kokang, the eldest daughter of Pheung Kya-shin, the former chairman of the Shan...
a town in Konkyan Township, Shan State of Myanmar. It is also a part of Kokang Self-Administered Zone. On 12 November 2023, during Operation 1027, all...
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