A view of KiberaDwellings in Kibera, Nairobi, Kenya c. 2008
Kibera (Kinubi: Forest or Jungle[1]) is a division and neighbourhood of Nairobi, Kenya, 6.6 kilometres (4.1 mi) from the city centre.[2] Kibera is the largest slum in Nairobi, and the largest urban slum in Africa.[3][4][5] The 2009 Kenya Population and Housing Census reports Kibera's population as 170,070, contrary to previous estimates of one or two million people.[6] Other sources suggest the total Kibera population may be 500,000 to well over 1,000,000 depending on which slums are included in defining Kibera.[7][8][9][10]
In 2009, a survey conducted by the French Institute for Research in Africa found that the average Kibera slum resident lives in extreme poverty, earning less than US$2 per day.[11] Unemployment rates are high. 12% of the population are living with HIV.[12] Cases of assault and rape are common. There are few schools, and most people cannot afford education for their children. Clean water is scarce. Diseases caused by poor hygiene are prevalent. A great majority living in the slum lack access to basic services, including electricity, running water, and medical care.[13][14]
The Government initiated a clearance programme to replace the slum with a residential district of high-rise apartments, and to relocate the residents to these new buildings upon completion.[15]
The neighbourhood is divided into a number of villages, including Kianda, Soweto East, Gatwekera, Kisumu Ndogo, Lindi, Laini Saba, Silanga, Makina, Salama, Ayany, and Mashimoni.
^"AHI: United States " Kibera: Africa's largest slum". Affordablehousinginstitute.org. 7 July 2005. Archived from the original on 27 February 2020. Retrieved 31 January 2013.
^"Kibera to Nairobi". Google Maps. Retrieved 26 May 2017.
^"A Trip Through Kenya's Kibera Slum". International Medical Corps. 27 March 2006. Archived from the original on 6 October 2014. Retrieved 31 January 2013.
^". Sanitation – vacutug | Participating countries". Un-Habitat. Archived from the original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 31 January 2013.
^Moloo, Zahra (28 February 2008). "Machetes, Ethnic Conflict and Reductionism". The Dominion. Archived from the original on 19 March 2020.
^Karanja, Muchiri (3 September 2010). "Myth shattered: Kibera numbers fail to add up". Daily Nation. Retrieved 4 September 2010.
^Cite error: The named reference ErulkarMatheka was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^Understanding the Grassroots Dynamics of Slums in Nairobi: The Dilemma of Kibera Informal Settlements Emmanuel MUTISYA and Masaru YARIME, International Transaction Journal of Engineering, Management, & Applied Sciences & Technologies, Volume 2, No.2 (2011); pages 197–213
^Audio Slideshow: Dr. Biden Sees the Neighborhoods of Kenya The White House, United States (June 2010)
^Kibera: How slum lords cash in on misery Kimathi Mutegi, The Nation, Kenya (19 September 2013). Archived copy on the Wayback Machine from 12 October 2013.
^Desgroppes, Amélie; Taupin, Sophie (1 September 2011). "Kibera: The Biggest Slum in Africa?". Les Cahiers d'Afrique de l'Est / The East African Review (44): 23–33. doi:10.4000/eastafrica.521. Retrieved 31 January 2024.
^j. Madise, Nyovani; Ziraba, Abdhalah K.; Inungu, Joseph; Khamadi, Samoel A.; Ezeh, Alex; Zulu, Eliya M.; Kebaso, John; Okoth, Vincent; Mwau, Matilu (September 2012). "Are slum dwellers at heightened risk of HIV infection than other urban residents? Evidence from population-based HIV prevalence surveys in Kenya". Health & Place. 18 (5): 1144–1152. doi:10.1016/j.healthplace.2012.04.003. PMC 3427858. PMID 22591621.
^Stenton, Christine (2015). Struggling for the 'right to the city': In situ informal settlement upgrading in Kibera, Nairobi (Thesis). Carleton University. doi:10.22215/etd/2015-11195.
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