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KaNgwane
1984–1994
Flag
Coat of arms
Location of KaNgwane (red) within South Africa (yellow).
Status
Bantustan
Capital
Louieville (de jure) Schoemansdal (de facto)
Common languages
Swazi English Afrikaans
History
• Self-government
31 August 1984
• Re-integrated into South Africa
27 April 1994
Area
1980[1]
3,000 km2 (1,200 sq mi)
Population
• 1980[1]
161,160
• 1991[2]
779,240
Currency
South African rand
Preceded by
Succeeded by
South Africa
South Africa
KaNgwane (Swazi:[kaˈŋɡwanɛ]) was a bantustan in South Africa, intended by the apartheid government to be a semi-independent homeland for the Swazi people. It was called the "Swazi Territorial Authority" from 1976 to 1977. In September 1977 it was renamed KaNgwane and received a legislative assembly. After a temporary suspension of its homeland status during 1982, the legislative assembly was restored in December 1982. KaNgwane was granted nominal self-rule in August 1984. Its capital was at Louieville. It was the least populous of the ten homelands, with an estimated 183,000 inhabitants. Unlike the other homelands in South Africa, KaNgwane did not adopt a distinctive flag of its own[3] but flew the national flag of South Africa.[4]
An attempt to transfer parts of the homeland, along with parts of the Zulu homeland KwaZulu, to the neighbouring country of Swaziland in 1982 was never realized.[5][6] This would have given land-locked Swaziland access to the sea. The deal was negotiated by the governments, but was met by popular opposition in the territory meant to be transferred.[7] The homeland's territory had been claimed by King Sobhuza of Swaziland as part of the Swazi monarchs' traditional realm, and the South African government hoped to use the homeland as a buffer zone against guerrilla infiltration from Mozambique. South Africa responded to the failure of the transfer by temporarily suspending the autonomy of KaNgwane, then restoring it in December 1982 and granting it nominal self-rule in 1984.[8][9]
KaNgwane ceased to exist on 27 April 1994 when the Interim Constitution dissolved the homelands and created new provinces. Its territory became part of the province of Mpumalanga.
^Sally Frankental; Owen Sichone (2005-01-01). South Africa's Diverse Peoples: A Reference Sourcebook. ABC-CLIO. p. 187. ISBN 978-1-57607-674-3. Retrieved 2013-09-18.
^Cite error: The named reference RSAdist was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^Ally, Shireen (2017). "Material Remains: Artifice versus Artefact(s) in the Archive of Bantustan Rule". In Jensen, Steffen; Zenker, Olaf (eds.). South African Homelands as Frontiers: Apartheid's Loose Ends in the Postcolonial Era. Oxon: Routledge. p. 83. ISBN 978-1-317-21209-6.
^"KaNgwane (South African homeland)".
^Senftleben, Wolfgang (1984). "Swaziland's Proposed Land Deal with South AfricaThe Case of Ingwavuma and Kangwane". Verfassung und Recht in Übersee / Law and Politics in Africa, Asia and Latin America. 17 (4): 493–501. JSTOR 43109383.
^Griffiths, Ieuan Ll; Funnell, D. C. (1991). "The Abortive Swazi Land Deal". African Affairs. 90 (358): 51–64. doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.afraf.a098406. JSTOR 722639.
KaNgwane (Swazi: [kaˈŋɡwanɛ]) was a bantustan in South Africa, intended by the apartheid government to be a semi-independent homeland for the Swazi people...
under the new name "KaNgwane" KaNgwane (homeland status suspended) 18 June 1982 to 9 December 1982 N.J. Badenhorst, administrator KaNgwane (homeland status...
Ngwane III was King of kaNgwane from 1745 to 1780. He is considered to be the first King of modern Eswatini. For his name the people were called bakaNgwane...
Gazette No. 5742 of 16 September 1977. Called the KaNgwane Constitution Proclamation, 1977. The KaNgwane Government departments were established by Proclamation...
area that was the Eastern Transvaal was merged with the former bantustans KaNgwane, KwaNdebele and parts of Lebowa and Gazankulu. Although the contemporary...
Eswatini derives its name from a later king named Mswati II. KaNgwane, named for Ngwane III, is an alternative name for Eswatini, the surname of whose...
transfer parts of the homeland, along with parts of the Swazi homeland KaNgwane, to the neighbouring country of Swaziland (now Eswatini) in 1982 was never...
crucial phase in the history of Eswatini. As Sobhuza began his reign, KaNgwane was a realm centered in territory along the Pongola River to the south...
Eswatini and some South African schools in Mpumalanga, particularly former KaNgwane areas. Siswati is an official language of Eswatini (along with English)...
from the original on 29 October 2021. King, Brian H. (2007). "Developing KaNgwane: Geographies of Segregation and Integration in the New South Africa". The...
African National Congress (ANC) from 1994 to 2009, having served for the KaNgwane bantustan administration as councillor and legislative member He also served...
kingdom. In the early 1980s King Sobhuza attempted to acquire control over KaNgwane, a Bantustan set up by the South African government in an attempt to reunite...
by the now defunct KaNgwane District Bantustan. It played a major role as an official residency for Members of Parliament (KaNgwane District Bantustan)...
shared borders with other black homelands, which were, Venda, Lebowa and Kangwane. These 3 other black homelands, like Gazankulu, also experienced land grabs...
but also in South Africa around the Swazi border. Their homeland was KaNgwane. Phuthi Phuthi 49,000 Near the Lesotho-South Africa border in the Transkei...
It was established formally as a town in 1967, as the first town in the Kangwane bantustan. The history of Kabokweni is closely connected to apartheid policies...
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