KRACK ("Key Reinstallation Attack") is a replay attack (a type of exploitable flaw) on the Wi-Fi Protected Access protocol that secures Wi-Fi connections. It was discovered in 2016[1] by the Belgian researchers Mathy Vanhoef and Frank Piessens of the University of Leuven.[2] Vanhoef's research group published details of the attack in October 2017.[3] By repeatedly resetting the nonce transmitted in the third step of the WPA2 handshake, an attacker can gradually match encrypted packets seen before and learn the full keychain used to encrypt the traffic.
The weakness is exhibited in the Wi-Fi standard itself, and not due to errors in the implementation of a sound standard by individual products or implementations. Therefore, any correct implementation of WPA2 is likely to be vulnerable.[4] The vulnerability affects all major software platforms, including Microsoft Windows, macOS, iOS, Android, Linux, OpenBSD and others.[3]
The widely used open-source implementation wpa_supplicant, utilized by Linux and Android, was especially susceptible as it can be manipulated to install an all-zeros encryption key, effectively nullifying WPA2 protection in a man-in-the-middle attack.[5][6] Version 2.7 fixed this vulnerability.[7]
The security protocol protecting many Wi-Fi devices can essentially be bypassed, potentially allowing an attacker to intercept[8] sent and received data.
^Cimpanu, Catalin (16 October 2017). "New KRACK Attack Breaks WPA2 WiFi Protocol". Bleeping Computer. Retrieved 2017-10-16.
^Gallagher, Sean (2017-10-16). "How the KRACK attack destroys nearly all Wi-Fi security". Ars Technica. Retrieved 2017-10-16.
^ abHern, Alex (2017-10-16). "'All Wifi Networks' Are Vulnerable to Hacking, Security Expert Discovers". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 2017-10-16.
KRACK ("Key Reinstallation Attack") is a replay attack (a type of exploitable flaw) on the Wi-Fi Protected Access protocol that secures Wi-Fi connections...
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