Just war theory information

The just war theory (Latin: bellum iustum)^[1]^[2] is a doctrine, also referred to as a tradition, of military ethics that aims to ensure that a war is morally justifiable through a series of criteria, all of which must be met for a war to be considered just. It has been studied by military leaders, theologians, ethicists and policymakers. The criteria are split into two groups: jus ad bellum ("right to go to war") and jus in bello ("right conduct in war"). The first group of criteria concerns the morality of going to war, and the second group of criteria concerns the moral conduct within war.^[3] There have been calls for the inclusion of a third category of just war theory (jus post bellum) dealing with the morality of post-war settlement and reconstruction. The just war theory postulates the belief that war, while it is terrible but less so with the right conduct, is not always the worst option. Important responsibilities, undesirable outcomes, or preventable atrocities may justify war.^[3] The concept of a just war broadly stands in contrast with that of a war of aggression.

Opponents of the just war theory may either be inclined to a stricter pacifist standard (proposing that there has never been nor can there ever be a justifiable basis for war) or they may be inclined toward a more permissive nationalist standard (proposing that a war need only to serve a nation's interests to be justifiable). In many cases, philosophers state that individuals do not need to be plagued by a guilty conscience if they are required to fight. A few philosophers ennoble the virtues of the soldier while they also declare their apprehensions for war itself.^[4] A few, such as Rousseau, argue for insurrection against oppressive rule.

The historical aspect, or the "just war tradition", deals with the historical body of rules or agreements that have applied in various wars across the ages. The just war tradition also considers the writings of various philosophers and lawyers through history, and examines both their philosophical visions of war's ethical limits and whether their thoughts have contributed to the body of conventions that have evolved to guide war and warfare.^[5]

In the twenty-first century there has been significant debate between traditional just war theorists, who largely support the existing law of war and develop arguments to support it, and revisionists who reject many traditional assumptions, although not necessarily advocating a change in the law.^[6]^[7]

^ Cicero, Marcus Tullius; Miller, Walter (1913). De officiis. With an English translation by Walter Miller. Robarts - University of Toronto. London Heinemann.
^ Fellmeth, Aaron X.; Horwitz, Maurice (2009). "Bellum iustum". Guide to Latin in International Law. Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/acref/9780195369380.001.0001. ISBN 978-0-19-536938-0. Retrieved 27 February 2022.
^ ^a ^b Guthrie, Charles; Quinlan, Michael (2007). "III: The Structure of the Tradition". Just War: The Just War Tradition: Ethics in Modern Warfare. Bloomsbury. pp. 11–15. ISBN 978-0747595571.
^ McHenry, Robert (22 March 2010). "William James on Peace and War". blogs.britannica.com. Britannica Blog. Archived from the original on 31 October 2015. Retrieved 6 August 2017.
^ "Just War Theory". Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy. Retrieved 30 October 2016.
^ Lazar, Seth (2017). "Just War Theory: Revisionists Versus Traditionalists". Annual Review of Political Science. 20 (1): 37–54. doi:10.1146/annurev-polisci-060314-112706.
^ Lazar, Seth (2020). "War". The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy. Metaphysics Research Lab, Stanford University. Retrieved 13 June 2023.

[1] Cicero, Marcus Tullius; Miller, Walter (1913). De officiis. With an English translation by Walter Miller. Robarts - University of Toronto. London Heinemann.

[2] Fellmeth, Aaron X.; Horwitz, Maurice (2009). "Bellum iustum". Guide to Latin in International Law. Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/acref/9780195369380.001.0001. ISBN 978-0-19-536938-0. Retrieved 27 February 2022.

[Tradition-3] Guthrie, Charles; Quinlan, Michael (2007). "III: The Structure of the Tradition". Just War: The Just War Tradition: Ethics in Modern Warfare. Bloomsbury. pp. 11–15. ISBN 978-0747595571.

[4] McHenry, Robert (22 March 2010). "William James on Peace and War". blogs.britannica.com. Britannica Blog. Archived from the original on 31 October 2015. Retrieved 6 August 2017.

[5] "Just War Theory". Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy. Retrieved 30 October 2016.

[6] Lazar, Seth (2017). "Just War Theory: Revisionists Versus Traditionalists". Annual Review of Political Science. 20 (1): 37–54. doi:10.1146/annurev-polisci-060314-112706.

[7] Lazar, Seth (2020). "War". The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy. Metaphysics Research Lab, Stanford University. Retrieved 13 June 2023.

Just war theory information

and 26 Related for: Just war theory information

Just war theory

Revisionist just war theory

War

Philosophy of war

Outline of war

Just and Unjust Wars

War studies

Deterrence theory

Christianity and violence

Crime of aggression

Jus ad bellum

Bhishma Parva

Justice

Casus belli

Attrition warfare

Jus post bellum

Proxy war

Peace and conflict studies

Military theory

Law of war

Guerrilla warfare

Supreme emergency

Information warfare

The Art of War

Game theory

Conflict theories

War Outline
Part of a series on

History Prehistoric Ancient Post-classical castles Early modern pike and shot napoleonic Late modern industrial fourth-gen
Military Organization Command and control Defense ministry Army Navy Air force Marines Coast guard Space force Reserves Regular / Irregular Ranks Specialties: Staff Engineers Intelligence Reconnaissance Medical Military police Land units: Infantry Armor Cavalry Artillery Special forces Signal corps Naval units: Warships Submarines Aircraft carriers Landing craft Auxiliary ship Air units: Fighters Bombers Command Close air support Electronic-warfare Reconnaissance Combat systems: Fire-control system Fire-control radar Director (military) Combat information center Sonar Radar Historical: Ship gun fire-control Gun data computer Torpedo data computer Development: Basic training Military manoeuvrers Combat training
Battlespace Aerospace Air Airborne Space Land Cold-region Desert Jungle Mountain Urban Subterranean Tunnel Sea Amphibious Blue Brown Green Surface Underwater Cyber Information
Weapons Air defence Armor Artillery Barrage Biological Camouflage Cavalry Horses Air cavalry Chemical Combined arms Conventional Cyber Denial Disinformation Drone / Robot Electromagnetic Infantry Loitering Missile Music Nuclear Psychological Radiological Unconventional
Tactics List of military tactics Aerial Airlift Air assault Airbridge Airdrop Battle Cavalry Charge Counterattack Counterinsurgency Defeat in detail Foxhole Drone Envelopment Guerrilla Morale Rapid dominance Siege Swarm Screen Tactical objective Target saturation Trench Withdrawal
Operational Military operation Operations research Blitzkrieg Expeditionary Deep operation Maneuver Operational manoeuvre group Raid
Strategy List of military strategies and concepts Military campaign Attrition Commerce raiding Counter-offensive Culminating Defence in depth Fabian Empty fort Mosaic Deception Defensive Depth Goal Nuclear Naval Offensive Scorched earth
Grand strategy Asymmetric Blockade Broken-backed Class Cold war Colonial Conquest Containment Divide and conquer Economic Endemic Fleet in being Irregular Liberation Limited Network-centric New generation Perpetual Political Princely Proxy Religious Resource Strategic Succession Technology Theater Total war World war
Administrative Branch Policy Staff Training Service Sociology
Organization Area of responsibility Chain of command Command and control Doctrine Principles of war Economy of force Medicine Engineers Intelligence Ranks Technology and equipment
Personnel Military recruitment Conscription Recruit training Military specialism Women in the military Children in the military Transgender people and military service Sexual harassment in the military Conscientious objector Counter-recruitment
Logistics History Military–industrial complex Arms industry Materiel Supply-chain management Base MOB FOB Outpost
Science Power projection Loss-of-strength gradient Lanchester's laws
Law Court-martial Geneva Conventions Geneva Protocol Islamic rules Justice Perfidy Jewish laws on war Right of conquest Rules of engagement Martial law War crime
Theory Air supremacy Command of the sea Full-spectrum dominance Overmatch Unrestricted Warfare Just war theory Principles of war Philosophy of war Security dilemma Tripwire force War games
Non-warfare Arms control Anti-subversion Counter-insurgency deterrence Disaster response Grey-zone Humanitarian aid Law enforcement Low-intensity conflict Military engineering Multilateralism Peacekeeping Peacebuilding
Related War film Military science fiction Mercenary War novel Women in war War resister War studies Anti-war movement Horses in warfare Wartime sexual violence Fifth column
Lists Battles Military occupations Military terms Operations Sieges War crimes Wars Weapons Writers
v t e