Scientific data considered to be spurious or fraudulent
"Sound science" redirects here. For the branch of physics, see Acoustics.
Junk science is spurious or fraudulent scientific data, research, or analysis. The concept is often invoked in political and legal contexts where facts and scientific results have a great amount of weight in making a determination. It usually conveys a pejorative connotation that the research has been untowardly driven by political, ideological, financial, or otherwise unscientific motives.
The concept was popularized in the 1990s in relation to expert testimony in civil litigation. More recently, invoking the concept has been a tactic to criticize research on the harmful environmental or public health effects of corporate activities, and occasionally in response to such criticism. Author Dan Agin in his book Junk Science harshly criticized those who deny the basic premise of global warming,[1]
In some contexts, junk science is counterposed to the "sound science" or "solid science" that favors one's own point of view.[2] Junk science has been criticized for undermining public trust in real science.[3]: 110–111 Junk science is not the same as pseudoscience.[4][5]
^Cite error: The named reference Union-Tribune 2006-10-22 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^Neff RA, Goldman LR (2005). "Regulatory parallels to Daubert: stakeholder influence, "sound science," and the delayed adoption of health-protective standards". Am J Public Health. 95 (Suppl 1): S81–91. doi:10.2105/AJPH.2004.044818. hdl:10.2105/AJPH.2004.044818. PMID 16030344. S2CID 10175577.
^Dariusz Jemielniak; Aleksandra Przegalinska (2020). Collaborative Society. MIT Press. ISBN 978-0262356459.
^Kaufman, Allison B.; Kaufman, James C. (2019-03-12). Pseudoscience: The Conspiracy Against Science. MIT Press. p. 471. ISBN 978-0-262-53704-9. Pseudoscience is different from junk science...
^Fang, Ferric C.; Casadevall, Arturo (2023-10-31). Thinking about Science: Good Science, Bad Science, and How to Make It Better. John Wiley & Sons. p. 172. ISBN 978-1-68367-434-4.
Junkscience is spurious or fraudulent scientific data, research, or analysis. The concept is often invoked in political and legal contexts where facts...
been experimentally discredited. It is not the same as junkscience. The demarcation between science and pseudoscience has scientific, philosophical, and...
as pseudoscience, fringe science, or junkscience. Physicist Richard Feynman coined the term "cargo cult science" for cases in which researchers believe...
practices which generally fall outside the scope of organized religion and science, encompassing phenomena involving a 'hidden' or 'secret' agency, such as...
characterized by journalists and researchers as promoting pseudoscience or junkscience. Numerous websites have been created by companies that contain satirical...
amateur science, deviant or fraudulent science, bad science, junkscience, and popular science ... pathological science, cargo cult science, and voodoo...
2022.; "Chapter 7: Science and Technology: Public Attitudes and Understanding". science and engineering indicators 2006. National Science Foundation. Archived...
"Junk food" is a term used to describe food that is high in calories from macronutrients such as sugar and/or fat, and possibly sodium, making it hyperpalatable...
adjunct scholar at the libertarian Cato Institute, which hosted the JunkScience.com site. He was an adjunct scholar at the Competitive Enterprise Institute...
in ESP Research. Science New Series, Vol. 201, No. 4351. pp. 131–136. Bunge, Mario. (1987). "Why Parapsychology Cannot Become a Science". Behavioral and...
(10 January 2018). "Goop's "Trusted Expert" Anthony William Dispenses JunkScience, Say Critics". Inverse.com. Inverse. Archived from the original on 3...
charitable giving" (PDF). University of Toronto Department of Political Science Working Papers. Retrieved 14 January 2023. Arabi, Shahida (2020). The highly...
polygraph, often incorrectly referred to as a lie detector test, is a junkscience device or procedure that measures and records several physiological indicators...
stated, "reiki postulates the existence of a universal energy unknown to science and thus far undetectable surrounding the human body, which practitioners...
science in an attempt to claim a legitimacy that it would not otherwise be able to achieve is referred to as pseudoscience, fringe science, or junk science...
supernatural explanations fraudulent science, exploiting bad science for the purposes of fraud Park criticizes junkscience as the creature of "scientists,...
cheeseburger and a cola, explaining that when he's surrounded by junk culture and junk food, consuming them adds balance. Brooks later claimed that "All...
Exploration – American body to study fringe sciencePages displaying short descriptions of redirect targets Junkscience – Scientific data considered to be spurious...
December 2008. Sarah Fecht (8 April 2014). "What Can We Do About JunkScience". Popular Science. Archived from the original on 20 May 2014. Retrieved 21 May...
Bedrick Books, 1986, pp. 42, 119 Stableford, Brian M. (2006). Science Fact and Science Fiction: An Encyclopedia. Taylor & Francis. pp. 137–139. ISBN 978-0-415-97460-8...
supposed reptilian humanoids, which play a prominent role in fantasy, science fiction, ufology, and conspiracy theories. The idea of reptilians was popularised...
Junk DNA (non-functional DNA) is a DNA sequence that has no relevant biological function. Most organisms have some junk DNA in their genomes—mostly pseudogenes...
Global Information