5th and 13th United States Under Secretary of State
In office December 20, 1944 – August 15, 1945
President
Franklin D. Roosevelt Harry S. Truman
Preceded by
Edward Stettinius Jr.
Succeeded by
Dean Acheson
In office April 16, 1924 – June 30, 1927
President
Calvin Coolidge
Preceded by
William Phillips
Succeeded by
Robert E. Olds
United States Secretary of State
Ad interim
In office June 28, 1945 – July 3, 1945
President
Harry S. Truman
Preceded by
Edward Stettinius Jr.
Succeeded by
James F. Byrnes
13th United States Ambassador to Japan
In office June 14, 1932 – December 8, 1941
President
Herbert Hoover Franklin D. Roosevelt
Preceded by
W. Cameron Forbes
Succeeded by
William J. Sebald (ad interim)
6th United States Ambassador to Turkey
In office October 12, 1927 – March 13, 1932
President
Calvin Coolidge Herbert Hoover
Preceded by
Abram I. Elkus (Ottoman Empire)
Succeeded by
Charles H. Sherrill
26th United States Ambassador to Switzerland
In office September 24, 1921 – March 22, 1924
President
Warren G. Harding Calvin Coolidge
Preceded by
Hampson Gary
Succeeded by
Hugh S. Gibson
32nd United States Ambassador to Denmark
In office April 7, 1920 – October 14, 1921
President
Woodrow Wilson Warren G. Harding
Preceded by
Norman Hapgood
Succeeded by
John Dyneley Prince
Personal details
Born
Joseph Clark Grew
(1880-05-27)May 27, 1880 Boston, Massachusetts, U.S.
Died
May 25, 1965(1965-05-25) (aged 84)
Spouse
Alice (Perry) Grew
Children
Lilla Cabot Grew
Alma mater
Harvard University
Joseph Clark Grew (May 27, 1880 – May 25, 1965) was an American career diplomat and Foreign Service officer. He is best known as the ambassador to Japan from 1932 to 1941[1] and as a high official in the State Department in Washington from 1944 to 1945. He opposed American hardliners, sought to avoid war, and helped to ensure the soft Japanese surrender in 1945 that enabled a peaceful American occupation of Japan after the war.
After numerous minor diplomatic appointments, Grew was the Ambassador to Denmark (1920–1921) and Ambassador to Switzerland (1921–1924). In 1924, Grew became the Under Secretary of State and oversaw the establishment of the US Foreign Service. Grew then became Ambassador to Turkey (1927–1932). As Ambassador to Japan (1932–1941), he opposed American hardliners and recommended negotiation with Tokyo to avoid war until the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor (December 7, 1941). He was interned until American and Japanese diplomats were formally exchanged in 1942.[1]
On return to Washington, DC, he became the second official in the State Department as Under Secretary and sometimes served as acting Secretary of State. He successfully promoted a soft peace with Japan that would allow Emperor Hirohito to maintain his status, which facilitated the Emperor's decision to surrender in 1945.
^ abKemper, Steve (7 November 2022). "The American Ambassador Who Tried to Prevent Pearl Harbor". Smithsonian Magazine. Smithsonian Institution. Retrieved 9 November 2022.
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