Global InformationJoint Comprehensive Plan of Action information
| Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action | |
|---|---|
 Officials announcing the agreement | |
| Created | 14 July 2015 |
| Ratified | N/A (ratification not required) |
| Date effective |
|
| Location | Vienna, Austria |
| Signatories | Current China  France  Germany  Iran Russia United Kingdom European UnionWithdrawn  United States (2018)[3] |
| Purpose | Nuclear non-proliferation |
The Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA; Persian: برنامه جامع اقدام مشترک, romanized: barnāmeye jāme'e eqdāme moshtarak (برجام, BARJAM)),[4][5] commonly known as the Iran nuclear deal or Iran deal, is an agreement on the Iranian nuclear program reached in Vienna on July 14, 2015, between Iran and the P5+1 (the five permanent members of the United Nations Security Council—China, France, Russia, the United Kingdom, United States—plus Germany)[a] together with the European Union.
Formal negotiations toward JCPOA began with the adoption of the Joint Plan of Action, an interim agreement signed between Iran and the P5+1 countries in November 2013. Iran and the P5+1 countries engaged in negotiations for the next 20 months and, in April 2015, agreed on an "Iran nuclear deal framework" for the final agreement. In July 2015, Iran and the P5+1 confirmed agreement on the plan, along with the "Roadmap Agreement" between Iran and the IAEA.[8]
The negotiations primarily centered around imposing restrictions on Iran's critical nuclear facilities, including the Arak IR-40 reactor, Bushehr Nuclear Power Plant, Gachin Uranium Mine, Fordow Fuel Enrichment Plant, Isfahan Uranium Conversion Plant, Natanz Uranium Enrichment Plant, and the Parchin Military Research complex.
The agreement was formally activated on 20 January 2014.[9] The United States ultimately withdrew from the pact in 2018 and new sanctions were imposed under the policy of "maximum pressure." The new sanctions applied to all countries and companies doing trade or business with Iran and cut the country off the international financial system, rendering the economic provisions of the nuclear deal framework null.[10]
- ^ "EU officially announces October 18 adoption day of JCPOA". Islamic Republic News Agency. 18 October 2015.
- ^ "UN chief welcomes implementation day under JCPOA". Islamic Republic News Agency. 17 January 2016.
- ^ Holpuch, Amanda (8 May 2018). "Donald Trump says US will no longer abide by Iran deal – as it happened". The Guardian.
- ^ pronounced [bæɾˈdʒɒːm]
- ^ "Zarif: We've never claimed nuclear deal only favors Iran". Tehran Times. 22 July 2015.
- ^ Joshua Keating, "You say P5+1, I say E3+3", Foreign Policy (30 September 2009).
- ^ Jeffrey Lewis, "E3/EU+3 or P5+1" Archived 11 August 2015 at the Wayback Machine, Arms Control Wonk (13 July 2015).
- ^ Daniel, Joyner (2016). Iran's nuclear program and international law : from confrontation to accord (First ed.). New York, NY. ISBN 9780190635718. OCLC 945169931.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) - ^ Cite error: The named reference
FinalDayswas invoked but never defined (see the help page). - ^ "Trump tightens the screws on Iran's oil". Brookings. Retrieved 15 April 2024.
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