Laura Beauregard, Pacific Remote Islands Marine National Monument
Area
• Total
1.03 sq mi (2.67 km2)
• EEZ
157,389 sq mi (407,635 km2)
Highest elevation
(Sand Island)
30 ft (10 m)
Lowest elevation
(Pacific Ocean)
0 ft (0 m)
Population
(2020)
• Total
10 (staff scientists)
Time zone
UTC−10 (Hawaii–Aleutian Time Zone)
Geocode
127
ISO 3166 code
UM
Website
www.fws.gov/refuge/Johnston_Atoll/
Johnston Atoll is an unincorporated territory of the United States, under the jurisdiction of the United States Air Force (USAF). The island is closed to public entry, and limited access for management needs is only granted by letter of authorization from the USAF. A special use permit is also required from the United States Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) to access the island by boat or enter the waters surrounding the island, which are designated as a National Wildlife Refuge and part of the Pacific Remote Islands Marine National Monument. The Johnston Atoll National Wildlife Refuge extends from the shore out to 12 nautical miles, continuing as part of the National Wildlife Refuge System out to 200 nautical miles. The Pacific Remote Islands Marine National Monument extends from the shore out to 200 nautical miles.
The isolated atoll has been under the control of the U.S. military since 1934.[1] During that time, it was variously used as a naval refueling depot,[2] an airbase,[3] a testing site for nuclear[4] and biological weapons,[5] a secret missile base,[6] and a site for the storage and disposal of chemical weapons[7] and Agent Orange.[8] Those activities left the area environmentally contaminated. The USAF completed remediating the contamination in 2004, and today performs only periodic monitoring.[9]
The island is home to thriving communities of nesting seabirds and has significant marine biodiversity. USAF and USFWS teams carry out environmental monitoring and maintenance to protect the native wildlife.[10]
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^EarthTech (April 2005). "Appendix B" (PDF). Phase II Environmental Baseline Survey, Johnston Atoll (Report). p. B19-B20. Archived from the original (PDF) on April 21, 2013. Retrieved August 19, 2012.
^Cite error: The named reference :1 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^"One Remote Island's Battle Against Acid-Spewing Ants". Audubon. June 26, 2015. Archived from the original on March 4, 2021. Retrieved March 27, 2021.
JohnstonAtoll is an unincorporated territory of the United States, under the jurisdiction of the United States Air Force (USAF). The island is closed...
(Baker Island, Howland Island, Jarvis Island, JohnstonAtoll, Kingman Reef, Midway Atoll, Palmyra Atoll, and Wake Island) and one in the Caribbean Sea...
Transpacific for storage on JohnstonAtoll. The EPA reports that 6,800,000 L (1,800,000 U.S. gal) of Herbicide Orange was stored at Johnston Island in the Pacific...
JohnstonAtoll Airport is located on the JohnstonAtoll in the United States Minor Outlying Islands, in the Pacific Ocean 717 nautical miles (1328 kilometers)...
Commission (AEC) and the Defense Atomic Support Agency. It was launched from JohnstonAtoll on July 9, 1962, and was the largest nuclear test conducted in outer...
Baker Island, Howland Island, Jarvis Island, JohnstonAtoll, Kingman Reef, Midway Atoll, Navassa Island, Palmyra Atoll, and Wake Island. The country code top-level...
segmented RNA, generally with six segments. The genus contains two species: JohnstonAtoll virus and Quaranfil virus; it has been proposed to contain species or...
JohnstonAtoll Chemical Agent Disposal System (JACADS) was the U.S. Army's first chemical munitions disposal facility. It was located on Johnston Island...
isolated in 1964 from ticks found in a Noddy Tern nest on Sand Island, JohnstonAtoll. The discovery of the virus was notable as the only other species in...
its peak intensity, John passed about 15 mi (25 km) to the north of JohnstonAtoll as a strong Category 1 hurricane; high winds caused $15 million (1994 USD)...
Island, JohnstonAtoll, Kingman Reef, Palmyra Atoll, and Wake Island. At Baker Island, Howland Island, Jarvis Island, Kingman Reef, and Palmyra Atoll, the...
uninhabited islands, atolls, and reefs. Baker Island, Howland Island, Jarvis Island, JohnstonAtoll, Kingman Reef, Midway Atoll, Palmyra Atoll, and Wake Island...
Johnston Island Air Force Base is a former United States Air Force base on the JohnstonAtoll in the United States Minor Outlying Islands, in the Pacific...
Palmyra Atoll (/pælˈmaɪrə/), also referred to as Palmyra Island, is one of the Northern Line Islands (southeast of Kingman Reef and north of Kiribati)...
ballistic missile with a live nuclear warhead (yield of 600 kilotons), at JohnstonAtoll in the Pacific. In general, missile systems were tested without live...
all territories are located in the Pacific Ocean. One territory, Palmyra Atoll, is considered to be incorporated, meaning the full body of the Constitution...
The Marshall Islands The Gilbert Islands (Kiribati) Central Polynesia JohnstonAtoll The Phoenix Islands The Line Islands Howland Island, Baker Island, Jarvis...
intensified into Tropical Storm Kilo at 18:00 UTC that day while approaching JohnstonAtoll. Amid high sea surface temperatures and low vertical wind shear, Kilo...
outlying islands include Jarvis Island, Midway Atoll, Palmyra Atoll, and Kingman Reef (UTC−11:00); JohnstonAtoll (UTC−10:00); and Navassa Island, Bajo Nuevo...
Jarvis Island Geography of JohnstonAtoll Geography of Kingman Reef Geography of Midway Atoll Geography of Palmyra Atoll Geography of Wake Island Geography...
Northwest Army Airfield Orote Field Northwest Field JohnstonAtoll Airport Henderson Field Palmyra Atoll Airfield Palmyra Runway North Field Camp Garcia Vieques...
flights do not stop at JohnstonAtoll. This stop was discontinued when plans were made to ship and store chemical munitions on the atoll. The aircraft used...
statute miles from any other, are: Clipperton Island, Easter Island, JohnstonAtoll, Marcus Island, Norfolk Island, Parece Vela, and Salas and Gómez Island...
area of disturbed weather about 1,725 mi (2,780 km) east-southeast of JohnstonAtoll. 06:00 UTC (1:00 a.m. CDT) at 13°12′N 104°00′W / 13.2°N 104.0°W /...
existing chemical weapons. The first destruction site was located at JohnstonAtoll, just over 600 miles (970 km) southwest of Hawaii. Since then two sites...
Jarvis Island, JohnstonAtoll, Kingman Reef and Navassa Island. The least-densely populated entity with a human population is Palmyra Atoll, which has 4...
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