This article is about the Spanish mystic and saint. For the national personification of the Philippines, see Juan dela Cruz.
In this Spanish name, the first or paternal surname is de Yepes and the second or maternal family name is Álvarez.
Saint
John of the Cross
OCD
Saint John of the Cross, by Zurbaran
Priest, Mystic, Doctor of the Church
Born
Juan de Yepes y Álvarez (1542-06-24)June 24, 1542[1] Fontiveros, Ávila, Crown of Castile, Spanish monarchy
Died
December 14, 1591(1591-12-14) (aged 49) Úbeda, Kingdom of Jaén, Crown of Castile, Spanish monarchy
Venerated in
Catholic Church
Anglican Communion[2]
Lutheranism[3]
Beatified
25 January 1675, Rome by Pope Clement X
Canonized
27 December 1726, Rome by Pope Benedict XIII
Major shrine
Tomb of Saint John of the Cross, Segovia, Spain
Feast
14 December
Attributes
Carmelite habit, cross, crucifix, book, quill
Patronage
Spanish poets[4]
Influences
Likely Thomas Aquinas, Duns Scotus, Guillaume Durand, Teresa of Ávila Possibly Pseudo-Dionysius, Meister Eckhart, John of Ruysbroeck, Henry Suso, Johannes Tauler
Influenced
Thérèse de Lisieux
Edith Stein
T.S. Eliot
Thomas Merton
Jacques Maritain
Hans Urs von Balthasar
Dorothy Day
Daniel Berrigan
Philip Berrigan
Georges Bataille
Salvador Dalí
John Paul II
Major works
Spiritual Canticle
Dark Night of the Soul
Ascent of Mount Carmel
John of the Cross, OCD (Spanish: Juan de la Cruz; Latin: Ioannes a Cruce; born Juan de Yepes y Álvarez; 24 June 1542 – 14 December 1591) was a Spanish Catholic priest, mystic, and Carmelite friar of converso origin. He is a major figure of the Counter-Reformation in Spain, and he is one of the thirty-seven Doctors of the Church.
John of the Cross is known for his writings. He was mentored by and corresponded with the older Carmelite, Teresa of Ávila. Both his poetry and his studies on the development of the soul are considered the summit of mystical Spanish literature and among the greatest works of all Spanish literature. He was canonized by Pope Benedict XIII in 1726. In 1926, he was declared a Doctor of the Church by Pope Pius XI, and is also known as the "mystical doctor".
^"St. John of the Cross". Britannica. Retrieved 4 August 2020.
^Lesser Feasts and Fasts 2018. Church Publishing, Inc. 17 December 2019. ISBN 978-1-64065-235-4.
^"Notable Lutheran Saints". Resurrectionpeople.org. Archived from the original on 16 May 2019. Retrieved 16 July 2019.
^In 1952, the Spanish National Ministry for Education named him Patron Saint of Spanish poets. The same ministry repeatedly authorized and approved the inclusion of John's writings among the canon of Spanish writers.
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