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Jingnan campaign information


Jingnan campaign

Map of Jingnan campaign
Date8 August 1399 – 13 July 1402
Location
North China Plain
Result

Decisive Prince of Yan victory

  • Fall of Nanjing
  • Zhu Di crowned the Yongle Emperor
Belligerents
Princedom of Yan
Princedom of Ning
Ming central government
Commanders and leaders
Zhu Di, Prince of Yan
Zhu Gaochi, Hereditary Prince of Yan
Zhu Gaoxu, Prince of Gaoyang Comm.
Yao Guangxiao
Qiu Fu
Zhu Neng
Zhang Yu 
Zhang Fu
Zheng He
Zhu Quan, Prince of Ning
Three Guards of Doyan
Zhu Yunwen, the Jianwen Emperor (MIA)
Geng Bingwen
Tie Xuan Executed
Li Jinglong Surrendered
Xu Huizu
Qi Tai Executed
Huang Zicheng Executed
Fang Xiaoru Executed
Sheng Yong Surrendered
Strength
120,000 500,000[1]
Casualties and losses
Unknown Heavy
Jingnan campaign
Chinese靖難之役
Literal meaningPacification (靖) of crisis (難)

The Jingnan campaign, or Jingnan rebellion, was a three-year civil war from 1399 to 1402 in the early years of the Ming dynasty of China. It occurred between two descendants of the Ming dynasty's founder Zhu Yuanzhang: his grandson Zhu Yunwen by his first son, and Zhu Yuanzhang's fourth son Zhu Di, Prince of Yan. Though Zhu Yunwen had been the chosen crown prince of Zhu Yuanzhang and been made emperor upon the death of his grandfather in 1398, friction began immediately after Yuanzhang's death. Zhu Yunwen began arresting Zhu Yuanzhang's other sons immediately, seeking to decrease their threat. But within a year open military conflict began, and the war continued until the forces of the Prince of Yan captured the imperial capital Nanjing. The fall of Nanjing was followed by the demise of the Jianwen Emperor, Zhu Yunwen. Zhu Di was then crowned the Ming Dynasty's third emperor, the Yongle Emperor.[2]

  1. ^ Cite error: The named reference government number was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  2. ^ Liang 2007, p. 78

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