A man with an exaggerated "Jewish nose" depicted on the cover of an American joke book, 1908
The Jewish nose, or the Jew's nose,[1] is an antisemitic ethnic stereotype[2] referring to a hooked nose with a convex nasal bridge and a downward turn of the tip of the nose.[3] It was singled out as a hostile caricature of Jews in mid-13th century Europe and has since become a defining and persisting element of the overall Jewish stereotype globally.[4][5] In modern times, it has also been adopted by many ethnic Jews as a part of their identity to spite historic antisemitism.
Research has found that the nose design outlined by this Jewish stereotype is most prevalent among humans originating from the Mediterranean Basin and the Middle East, where it is equally prevalent among the Jewish population as it is among the other local populations.[6][7][8] Still, among the Jewish communities situated outside of the Mediterranean Basin and the Middle East, such as that in the United States, the so-called "Jewish nose" has come to be effectively reclaimed by many Jews as a defining characteristic of their Jewish identity,[9][10] with general Jewish attitudes toward the trait having changed from mostly negative to mostly positive since the 1950s.[11]
^Sander Gilman, Love+marriage: And Other Essays on Representing Difference, Stanford University Press, 1998. p. 180.
^Schrenk, Bernice (2007), "'Cutting Off Your Nose to Spite Your Race': Jewish Stereotypes, Media Images, Cultural Hybridity", Shofar: An Interdisciplinary Journal of Jewish Studies, 25 (4): 18, doi:10.1353/sho.2007.0121, S2CID 36457835.
^Patai, Raphael (1989), The Myth of the Jewish Race, Wayne University Press, p. 208, ISBN 978-0-8143-1948-2.
^Preminger, Beth (2001), "The "Jewish Nose" and Plastic Surgery: Origins and Implications", Journal of the American Medical Association, 286 (17): 2161, doi:10.1001/jama.286.17.2161-JMS1107-5-1.
^Jacobs, Joseph; Fishberg, Maurice (1906), "Nose", Jewish Encyclopedia.
^Helmreich, William B (1982), The Things They Say Behind Your Back: Stereotypes and the Myths Behind Them, Transaction Publishers, pp. 36–37, ISBN 978-1-4128-3933-4.
^Holden, Harold Miller (1950), Noses, World Publishing Company, p. 69, hdl:2027/uc1.b3426003, A considerable study has been made on the 'Jewish' nose. It has been found that this nose is far less prevalent among Jews than popularly supposed. Furthermore, it is most prevalent among Jews when it is also prevalent among the general population, as among Mediterranean or Bavarian people.
^Silbiger, Steve (2000), The Jewish Phenomenon: Seven Keys to the Enduring Wealth of a People, Longstreet Press, p. 13, ISBN 978-1-56352-566-7, Sociologists have shown that the 'Jewish nose' is no more common to Jews than to Mediterranean people.
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^Cite error: The named reference :4 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^Cite error: The named reference :5 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
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