Jembrana disease is an acute viral disease of cattle.[1] While it produces relatively mild symptoms in taurine cattle, the Jembrana virus is particularly severe in Bali cattle where it has a fatality rate of approximately 17 percent.[2] Its first documented outbreak occurred in 1964 in the Jembrana district of Bali, Indonesia.[1] Within two years of its appearance the disease had killed an estimated 26,000 of the approximately 300,000 cattle on Bali Island.[1] The Jembrana disease virus belongs to the genus Lentivirus, which include immunodeficiency viruses such as HIV.[1] Instead of the chronic disease produced by most lentiviruses, Jembrana disease produces acute effects.[2] After an incubation period of 5–12 days the disease produces symptoms including loss of appetite, fever, lethargy, enlargement of the lymph nodes, and diarrhea. There is at least one strain that has been sequenced.[3]
^ abcdG.E., Wilcox (8 March 1995). "Recent advances in the understanding of Jembrana disease". Veterinary Microbiology. 46 (1–3): 249–255. doi:10.1016/0378-1135(95)00089-S. PMID 8545963.
^ abChadwick, B.J. (1998). "Detection of Jembrana disease virus in spleen, lymph nodes, bone marrow and other tissues by in situ hybridization of paraffin-embedded sections". Journal of General Virology. 79: 101–6. doi:10.1099/0022-1317-79-1-101. PMID 9460930.
^Chadwick, BJ (1995). "Nucleotide sequence analysis of Jembrana disease virus: a bovine lentivirus associated with an acute disease syndrome". Journal of General Virology. 76 (7): 1637–50. doi:10.1099/0022-1317-76-7-1637. PMID 9049370.
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