Limestone burial urn from Cotabato, Philippines, dated approximately 600 CE
Jar burial is a human burial custom where the corpse is placed into a large earthenware container and then interred. Jar burials are a repeated pattern at a site or within an archaeological culture. When an anomalous burial is found in which a corpse or cremated remains have been interred, it is not considered a "jar burial".
Jar burial can be traced to various regions across the globe. It was practiced as early as 4500 BCE,[1] and as recently as the 15th–17th centuries CE.[2] Areas of jar burial excavations include India, Indonesia, Lebanon, Palestine, Taiwan, Japan, Cambodia, Iran, Syria, Sumatra, Egypt, Malaysia, the Philippines, Thailand, Vanuatu, and Vietnam. These different locations had different methods, accoutrements, and rationales behind their jar burial practices. Cultural practices included primary[3][4] versus secondary burial,[5][2][6] burial offerings (bronze or iron tools and weapons; bronze, silver, or gold ornaments; wood, stone, clay, glass, paste) in or around burials,[2][7] and social structures represented in the location and method of jar placement.[7]
Among many cultures,[which?] a period of waiting occurs between the first burial and a second burial which often coincides with the duration of decomposition. The origin of this practice is considered to be the different concepts of death held by these cultures. In such societies, death is held to involve a slow change, a passage from the visible society of the living to the invisible one of the dead. During the period of decomposition, the corpse is sometimes treated as if it were alive, provided with food and drink, and surrounded by company. For example, some groups[which?] on the island of Borneo attach mystical importance to the disintegration of the body, sometimes collecting and carefully disposing of the liquids produced by decomposition.
^Mederos Martin, Alfredo, 'Enterramientos en pithoi del Proximo Oriente: Siria, Líbano, Israel (3500–2000 AC)' https://www.academia.edu/1305784/Enterramientos_en_pithoi_del_Proximo_Oriente_Siria_L%C3%ADbano_Israel_3500_2000_AC_?email_work_card=view-paper
^ abcCarter, A. K.; Dussubieux, L.; Beavan, N. (1 June 2016). "Glass Beads from 15th–17th CenturyCEJar Burial Sites in Cambodia's Cardamom Mountains". Archaeometry. 58 (3): 401–412. doi:10.1111/arcm.12183. ISSN 1475-4754.
^Maria., Mina (2016). An Archaeology of Prehistoric Bodies and Embodied Identities in the Eastern Mediterranean. Triantaphyllou, Sevi., Papadatos, Giannēs. Havertown: Oxbow Books. ISBN 978-1785702914. OCLC 960760548.
^Wood, W. H. (1910). "Jar-Burial Customs and the Question of Infant Sacrifice in Palestine". The Biblical World. 36 (3): 166–175. doi:10.1086/474370. JSTOR 3141677. S2CID 145336716.
^Birney, Kathleen; Doak, Brian R. (2011). "Funerary Iconography on an Infant Burial Jar from Ashkelon". Israel Exploration Journal. 61 (1): 32–53. JSTOR 23214220.
^De Beauclair, Inez (1972). "Jar Burial on Botel Tobago Island". Asian Perspectives. 15 (2): 167–176. JSTOR 42927787.
^ abMizoguchi, Koji (June 2005). "Genealogy in the ground: observations of jar burials of the Yayoi period, northern Kyushu, Japan". Antiquity. 79 (304): 316–326. doi:10.1017/s0003598x00114115. ISSN 0003-598X. S2CID 162849014.
Jarburial is a human burial custom where the corpse is placed into a large earthenware container and then interred. Jarburials are a repeated pattern...
The Manunggul Jar is a secondary burialjar excavated from a Neolithic burial site in the Manunggul cave of the Tabon Caves at Lipuun Point in Palawan...
Hieroglyphs for the four sons of Horus used on an Egyptian canopic jarJarburial Art of ancient Egypt § Funerary art Ushabti In the afterlife, it was...
balanga, belanga, or banga) are large wide-mouthed earthenware or stoneware jars found in various Austronesian cultures in island Southeast Asia. Their various...
human remains, burial goods and ceramics around the jars. Researchers (using optically stimulated luminescence) determined that the jars were put in place...
The Cardamom Mountains jarburials are a collection of twelve mortuary sites dating back to the late and post-Angkor period (15th-17th century CE) located...
illegal diggings. The reported archaeological materials were mostly of jarburials. UP-ASP conducted a preliminary archaeological survey in 2008, and discovered...
The Ankokuji BurialJar Cluster (安国寺甕棺墓群, Ankokuji kamekan bogun) is a Yayoi period cemetery, located in the Yamakawajindai neighborhood of the city of...
hollowed out logs. There are two famous sites of burials, the jarburials in Batanes and in Catanauan. The burial markers in Batanes are shaped like a boat,...
stones raised over a grave or graves. Tumuli are also known as barrows, burial mounds or (in Siberia and Central Asia) kurgans, and may be found throughout...
Enclosed burials most often refers to the different types of jar enclosed burials. There are three types: primary, secondary, and multiple jarburials. These...
civilization", it is a site of archaeological importance due to the number of jarburials and prehistoric human remains found starting from the 1960s, most notably...
specifically. This includes a number of exposed burial sites of a type known as jarburials. The burials are scattered around the mountains, set out on...
placed on hilltops), and liang patane (house-shaped tombs for commoners). Jarburial Man, Wong How (1991). "Hanging Coffins of the Bo People". Archeology....
iron artifacts are nine small beads dated to 3200 BC, which were found in burials at Gerzeh in Lower Egypt, having been shaped by careful hammering. The...
4350 until 4000 B.C. Similar amphora burials in the South Caucasus are found in the Western Georgian Jar-Burial Culture. The culture has also been linked...
chance finds, and have not been directly related to Ulaanzuukh culture burials. They only come from a region where Tevsh culture is also known.. Rawson...
Iberia. In the phase B of this civilization, burial in pithoi (large jars) becomes most frequent (see: Jar-burials). Again this custom (that never reached...
shark above the cave entrance. It was partially disfigured by a later jarburial scene.[citation needed] The Edakkal Caves of Kerala, India, contain drawings...
The Maitum anthropomorphic burialjars are earthenware secondary burial vessels discovered in 1991 by the National Museum of the Philippines' archaeological...
included peoples whose languages and ethnic identity are simply unknown. Burial was by cremation; inhumations are rare. The urn is usually accompanied by...
context, cf. unstratified. jarburial Inhumation of whole human remains in a ceramic vessel, as opposed to the more common urn burial, where only ashes from...
place the end of El Argar at 15th-14th centuries BC. Grave goods Typical jarburial El Argar B Woman's skull with diadem Bronze sword with gold-covered hilt...
Wayback Machine. Eliznik.org.uk. Retrieved on 2011-12-03. "Manunggul BurialJar". Virtual Collection of Asian Masterpieces. Retrieved 5 September 2013...
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