Iridocorneal endothelial (ICE) syndromes are a spectrum of diseases characterized by slowly progressive abnormalities of the corneal endothelium and features including corneal edema, iris distortion, and secondary angle-closure glaucoma.[1][2][3] ICE syndromes are predominantly unilateral and nonhereditary.[1][2][3] The condition occurs in predominantly middle-aged women.[1][4][3]Iridocorneal Endothelial (ICE) syndrome presents a unique set of challenges for both patients and ophthalmologists, and effective treatment of this group of rare ocular diseases requires a combination of diagnostic and therapeutic complexity. It's important to understand. [1]
^ abcFriedman, Neil J. (2009). "The Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary Illustrated Manual of Ophthalmology, 4th ed., Peter Kaiser, Neil Friedman, and Roberto Pineda". Optometry and Vision Science. 91 (11): 285–287. doi:10.1097/opx.0000000000000439. ISBN 9788131224014.
^ abWeisenthal RW. 2012-2013 Basic and Clinical Science Course, Section 8, Chapter 12: External Disease and Cornea (pp 344–345). San Francisco CA: American Academy of Ophthalmology The Eye M.D. Association
^ abcCarpel, Emmett F. (2011), "Iridocorneal Endothelial Syndrome", Cornea, Elsevier, pp. 889–899, doi:10.1016/b978-0-323-06387-6.00082-9, ISBN 9780323063876, retrieved 2022-03-02
^Alvarado, Jorge A. (1994-12-01). "Detection of Herpes Simplex Viral DNA in the Iridocorneal Endothelial Syndrome". Archives of Ophthalmology. 112 (12): 1601–1609. doi:10.1001/archopht.1994.01090240107034. ISSN 0003-9950. PMID 7993217.
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