Iochroma is a genus of about 34 species of shrubs and small trees belonging to the nightshade family Solanaceae. Species are native from Mexico to south Brazil.[1] They are found in the forests of Mexico and South America. Their hummingbird-pollinated flowers are tubular or trumpet-shaped, and may be blue, purple, red, yellow, or white, becoming pulpy berries. The cupular (cup-shaped) calyx is inflated in some species. The leaves are alternate, simple, and entire.[2][3]
Iochromas are cultivated as flowering ornamentals and in cooler zones (zones 7–8/9) make useful patio shrubs for summer display or conservatory plants. The majority are not frost-hardy and must be overwintered under protection. In warmer zones (zones 9–10) they can be used as landscape plants.[4] They are commonly trained as standards (topiary) to control their size and shape. Iochroma flowers attract hummingbirds (Americas only) and bees to gardens.
Like many plants in the Solanaceae, Iochroma species contain phytochemicals with potential pharmaceutical value but the genus has not been exhaustively studied in this respect. Iochroma fuchsioides is taken by the medicine men of the Kamsa Indians of the Sibundoy valley in the Colombian Andes for difficult diagnoses, the unpleasant side effects lasting several days.[5] A variety of withanolides [6] and hydroxycinnamic acid amides [7] have been isolated from Iochroma species.
^ abCite error: The named reference POWO_331673-2 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^Armando T. Hunziker: The Genera of Solanaceae. A.R.G. Gantner Verlag K.G., Ruggell, Liechtenstein 2001. ISBN 3-904144-77-4 pps. 220-226
^De Witt, S. and Baum, David A. 2006. Phylogenetics of the Florally Diverse Andean Clade Iochrominae ( Solanaceae ) American Journal of Botany 93(8): 1140–1153.
^Christopher Brickell ( Ed.), The Royal Horticultural Society Encyclopedia of Garden Plants, pub. Dorking Kindersley 1996 ISBN 0-7513-0303-8, pps. 554–555.
^Schultes, R. E. and Hoffman, A. (1992). Plants of the Gods. Their sacred, healing and hallucinogenic powers. Healing Arts Press, Rochester, Vermont. p. 46.
^Alfonso, D., Bernardinelli, G. and Kapetanidis, I. (1993). Withanolides from Iochroma coccineum. Phytochemistry 34 (2) : 517–521.
^Sattar, E. A., Glasl, H., Nahrstedt, A., Hilal, S. H., Zaki, A. Y. and El Zalabani, S. M. H. (1990). Hydroxycinnamic acid amides from Iochroma cyaneum. Phytochemistry 29 (12) : 3931–3933.
Iochroma is a genus of about 34 species of shrubs and small trees belonging to the nightshade family Solanaceae. Species are native from Mexico to south...
Iochroma arborescens is a species of flowering plant in the genus Iochroma, belonging to the nightshade family Solanaceae. Formerly it was considered the...
Iochroma fuchsioides is an Iochroma species found in Ecuador and Colombia. It was first described in 1848. In addition to the known withanolide D {1}...
Iochroma warscewiczii is a shrub in the family Solanaceae. The species, which is native to Peru, was formally described in 1855 by German botanist Eduard...
Iochroma grandiflorum is an Iochroma species found in Ecuador. It was first described in 1845 "Iochroma grandiflorum in Tropicos". Media related to Iochroma...
It is widely listed in the horticultural literature under the synonym Iochroma australe. It has gained the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden...
Iochroma lehmannii is a species of plant in the family Solanaceae. It is endemic to Ecuador, specifically in the Chimborazo Province in the High Andes...
within the nightshade family that produce withanolides include: Datura, Iochroma, Lycium, Nicandra, Physalis, Salpichroa, Solanum, Mandragora, Withania...
Iochroma brevistamineum is a species of plant in the family Solanaceae. It is endemic to Ecuador. Montúfar, R.; Pitman, N. (2004). "Iochroma brevistamineum"...
Iochroma longipes is a species of plant in the family Solanaceae. It is endemic to Ecuador. Montúfar, R.; Pitman, N. (2004). "Iochroma longipes". IUCN...
in Iochroma but subsequent research revealed that, far from being a species of Iochroma, it did not even belong in tribe Physaleae (to which Iochroma belongs)...
in Nicandra, some species of Jaborosa and Trianaea and four carpels in Iochroma umbellatum. The number of locules in the ovary The number of locules in...
cardenasiana, which had hitherto been misclassified as belonging to the genus Iochroma. Datura specialists, the Preissels, accept only 9 species of Datura, but...
Euphorbia, Forsythia, Glycine max (specifically, soybean plants), Primula, Iochroma, Prunus, Salix, and many genera of the cactus family, Cactaceae.[citation...
nightshade family Solanaceae. The genera most closely related to Saracha are Iochroma, Dunalia, and Vassobia. It is native to Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru...
use of the dangerously toxic solanaceous hallucinogens Brugmansia and Iochroma and their occasional employment of Desfontainia for similar divinatory...
tubular red flowers. Examples include those of genera Embothrium, Fuchsia, Iochroma, Mutisia, Salvia, and Tilandsia. It usually forages within 2 to 4 m (7...
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