Extinct (no records after 3,800 YBP[1]) (IUCN 3.1)[2][failed verification]
Scientific classification
Domain:
Eukaryota
Kingdom:
Animalia
Phylum:
Chordata
Class:
Mammalia
Order:
Artiodactyla
Family:
Bovidae
Subfamily:
Bovinae
Genus:
Bos
Species:
†B. primigenius
Subspecies:
†B. p. namadicus
Trinomial name
†Bos primigenius namadicus
(Falconer, 1859)[2]
Map of the species' distribution
Synonyms
Bos namadicus[citation needed]
The Indian aurochs[b] (Bos primigenius namadicus; Sindhi: انڊين جهنگلي ڏاند) is an extinct subspecies of aurochs that inhabited West Asia and the Indian subcontinent from the Late Pleistocene until its eventual extinction during the South Asian Stone Age.[1] With no remains younger than 3,800 YBP ever recovered, the Indian aurochs was the first of the three aurochs subspecies to become extinct; the Eurasian aurochs (B. p. primigenius) and the North African aurochs (B. p. mauritanicus) persevered longer, with the latter bring known by the Roman Empire, and the former surviving until the mid-17th century in Central Europe.[1][4][5][2]
Two breeds/subspecies of domestic cattle (Bos taurus), the sanga (B. t. africanus) and the zebu (B. t. indicus), can trace their genetic heritage directly to the Indian aurochs.[6][7][8][9]
Cite error: There are <ref group=lower-alpha> tags or {{efn}} templates on this page, but the references will not show without a {{reflist|group=lower-alpha}} template or {{notelist}} template (see the help page).
^ abcTurvey, Samuel T.; Sathe, Vijay; Crees, Jennifer J.; Jukar, Advait M.; Chakraborty, Prateek; Lister, Adrian M. (January 2021). "Late Quaternary megafaunal extinctions in India: How much do we know?". Quaternary Science Reviews. 252: 106740. Bibcode:2021QSRv..25206740T. doi:10.1016/j.quascirev.2020.106740. ISSN 0277-3791. S2CID 234265221.
^ abcTikhonov, A. (2008). "Bos primigenius". The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2008. IUCN: e.T136721A4332142. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2008.RLTS.T136721A4332142.en.
^Campbell, Douglas Ian; Whittle, Patrick Michael (2017). "Three Case Studies: Aurochs, Mammoths and Passenger Pigeons". Resurrecting Extinct Species. Palgrave Macmillan. pp. 29–48. doi:10.1007/978-3-319-69578-5_2. ISBN 978-3-319-69578-5.
^Chen et al., 2010: "Zebu cattle are an exclusive legacy of the South Asia Neolithic." Molecular biology and evolution, 27(1), 1-6. [1] (in Supplementary Data)
^Linseele, Veerle (25 October 2004). "Size and Size Change of the African Aurochs During the Pleistocene and Holocene". Journal of African Archaeology. 2 (2): 165–185. doi:10.3213/1612-1651-10026. ISSN 1612-1651.
^Grigson, Caroline (1 December 1991). "An African origin for African cattle? — some archaeological evidence". African Archaeological Review. 9 (1): 119–144. doi:10.1007/BF01117218. ISSN 1572-9842. S2CID 162307756.
^Marshall, Fiona (April 1989). "Rethinking the Role of Bos indicus in Sub-Saharan Africa". Current Anthropology. 30 (2): 235–240. doi:10.1086/203737. ISSN 0011-3204. S2CID 143063029.
^Pitt, Daniel; Sevane, Natalia; Nicolazzi, Ezequiel L.; MacHugh, David E.; Park, Stephen D. E.; Colli, Licia; Martinez, Rodrigo; Bruford, Michael W.; Orozco‐terWengel, Pablo (January 2019). "Domestication of cattle: Two or three events?". Evolutionary Applications. 12 (1): 123–136. doi:10.1111/eva.12674. ISSN 1752-4571. PMC 6304694. PMID 30622640.
^Pérez-Pardal, Lucía; Sánchez-Gracia, Alejandro; Álvarez, Isabel; Traoré, Amadou; Ferraz, J. Bento S.; Fernández, Iván; Costa, Vânia; Chen, Shanyuan; Tapio, Miika; Cantet, Rodolfo J. C.; Patel, Ajita; Meadow, Richard H.; Marshall, Fiona B.; Beja-Pereira, Albano; Goyache, Félix (21 December 2018). "Legacies of domestication, trade and herder mobility shape extant male zebu cattle diversity in South Asia and Africa". Scientific Reports. 8 (1): 18027. Bibcode:2018NatSR...818027P. doi:10.1038/s41598-018-36444-7. ISSN 2045-2322. PMC 6303292. PMID 30575786.
The Indianaurochs (Bos primigenius namadicus; Sindhi: انڊين جهنگلي ڏاند) is an extinct subspecies of aurochs that inhabited West Asia and the Indian subcontinent...
Holocene. The aurochs declined during the late Holocene due to habitat loss and hunting, and became extinct around the 17th century. The aurochs is depicted...
tamaraw†, Bubalus cebuensis Genus Bos Aurochs, Bos primigenius Eurasian aurochs†, B. p. primigenius Indianaurochs†, B. p. namadicus Banteng, Bos javanicus...
for domestic animals. Zebu cattle were found to derive from the Indian form of aurochs and have first been domesticated between 7,000 and 6,000 YBP at...
primigenius (aurochs) †B. p. primigenius (Eurasian aurochs) †B. p. mauritanicus (North African aurochs) †B. p. namadicus (Indianaurochs) †Bos acutifrons...
Africa Carrying loads and draught Cattle Eurasian aurochs Eurasia Meat, milk and draught Zebu Indianaurochs Eurasia Milk, meat and draught Bali cattle Banteng...
Turkey." The cattle that are often portrayed on Indus seals are humped Indianaurochs (Bos primigenius namadicus), which are similar to Zebu cattle. Zebu...
wild water buffalo), domestic yak (from the wild yak), zebu (from the Indianaurochs), gayal (from the gaur) and Bali cattle (from the banteng). Some antelopes...
evidence on the biogeography of kudu (Tragelaphus imberbis), wild dromedary, aurochs (Bos primigenius) and African wild ass (Equus africanus) in the early and...
Mohan; Baruah, K K; Rajkhowa, C (1 January 2014). "Mithun: An Animal of Indian Pride". Livestock Research for Rural Development. 26 (1): 6. Retrieved 10...
common. Bovines include the zebu, which descended from the extinct Indianaurochs, the domestic water buffalo, the gayal, which is a domesticated gaur...
Though undomesticated aurochs are shown, via archaeological evidence and rock art, to have dwelled in Northeast Africa, aurochs are thought to have been...
bulls in the logo; also used on the licensed derivative, "Red Bull". Anoa Aurochs Banteng Bison Kouprey Noah (gaur) Water buffalo Wild yak Zebu Drawings...
be close to the steppe bison (Bison priscus) lineage. Fossil bones of Aurochs (Bos primigenius) have also been found in Ichinoseki City. Since Hokkaido...
the aurochs. The aurochs is ancestral to both zebu and taurine cattle. They were later reclassified as one species, Bos taurus, with the aurochs (B. t...
of great strength and agility, with mighty horn or horns best fit the aurochs (Bos primigenius); this view is further supported by the Assyrian cognate...
thought to be derived from Asian aurochs, sometimes regarded as a subspecies, Bos primigenius namadicus Wild Asian aurochs disappeared during the time of...
with other herbivores, such as the extinct tarpan (forest horse), extinct aurochs (forest ox), and the endangered wisent (European bison). Good places to...
bison (aurochs), from a Proto-Germanic word similar to wisent and, per Etymonline, first applied to American buffalo in the 1690s. In Plains Indian languages...
be close to the steppe bison (Bison priscus) lineage. Fossil bones of aurochs (Bos primigenius) have also been found in Ichinoseki City.: 29 In addition...
emissions of any agricultural product. In prehistoric times, humankind hunted aurochs and later domesticated them. Since that time, numerous breeds of cattle...
magical qualities, for early carvings of the aurochs have also been found. The impressive and dangerous aurochs survived into the Iron Age in Anatolia and...
evidence on the biogeography of kudu (Tragelaphus imberbis), wild dromedary, aurochs (Bos primigenius) and African wild ass (Equus africanus) in the early and...
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