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The Imperial Russian Army or Russian Imperial Army (Russian: Ру́сская импера́торская а́рмия, romanized: Rússkaya imperátorskaya ármiya) was the armed land force of the Russian Empire, active from 1721 until the Russian Revolution of 1917. It was organized into a standing army and a state militia. The standing army consisted of regular troops and two forces that served on separate regulations: the Cossack troops and the Muslim troops.[3]
In March 1917, the Imperial Army swore loyalty to the Russian Provisional Government after the abdication of Emperor Nicholas II.[8] Even after the February Revolution, despite its ineffectiveness on the offensive, the majority of the army remained intact and the troops were still at the front lines. The "old army" did not begin disintegrating until early 1918.[9]
^Ziemke 2004, p. 22.
^Reese 2019, p. 411.
^ abcdefgGeneral Staff, War Office 1914, pp. 7–12.
^ abcGeneral Staff, War Office 1914, pp. 18–19.
^ abReese 2019, p. 316.
^General Staff, War Office 1914, pp. 20–23.
^Stepanov 2022, p. S728.
^Reese 2019, pp. 365–370.
^Reese 2019, pp. 285–286.
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