For the use of Immunity Passports during the COVID-19 pandemic, see Vaccine passports during the COVID-19 pandemic.
An Italian health pass (fede di sanità) for travel during times of plague, 1611
An immunity passport,[1]immunity certificate,[2]health pass or release certificate[3] (among other names used by various local authorities) is a document, whether in paper or digital format, attesting that its bearer has a degree of immunity to a contagious disease.[4] Public certification is an action that governments can take to mitigate an epidemic.[5]
When it takes into account natural immunity or very recent negative test results, an immunity passport cannot be reduced to a vaccination record or vaccination certificate that proves someone has received certain vaccines verified by the medical records of the clinic where the vaccines were given.,[6] such as the Carte Jaune ("yellow card") issued by the World Health Organization (WHO), which works as an official vaccination record.
The concept of immunity passports received much attention during the COVID-19 pandemic as a potential way to contain the pandemic and permit faster economic recovery.[7] Reliable serological testing for antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 virus is done to certify people as relatively immune to COVID-19 and issue immunity documentation.[8]
^Edmond C (19 June 2020). "COVID-19: What are immunity passports and how would they work?". World Economic Forum.
^Smith-Spark L (3 April 2020). "Is this how to get out of lockdown?". Chicago Sun-Times.
^"Explained: Are immunity passports, release certificates the way to go?". indianexpress.com. 10 May 2020.
^""Immunity passports" in the context of COVID-19". World Health Organization. 24 April 2020. Retrieved 1 May 2020.
^Manjikian M (24 February 2016). Threat Talk: The Comparative Politics of Internet Addiction. Routledge. p. 131. ISBN 978-1-317-01027-2.
^"Locating and Tracking Adult Vaccine Records". www.cdc.gov. 17 March 2020.
^Chotani RA, Ashraf SS, Mize C, Clark T (30 April 2020). "'Immunity passport' key to containing spread of coronavirus". UPI. Retrieved 1 May 2020.
^Voo TC, Reis AA, Thomé B, Ho CW, Tam CC, Kelly-Cirino C, et al. (February 2021). "Immunity certification for COVID-19: ethical considerations". Bulletin of the World Health Organization. 99 (2): 155–161. doi:10.2471/blt.20.280701. PMC 7856365. PMID 33551509.
epidemic. When it takes into account natural immunity or very recent negative test results, an immunitypassport cannot be reduced to a vaccination record...
assistance. Some passports attest to the bearer having a status as a diplomat or other official, entitled to rights and privileges such as immunity from arrest...
immunitypassport program designed to store and share medical information in paper or digital form. It was initially launched as a vaccine passport during...
disease, while immunitypassports incentivise individuals to get infected with and recover from a disease. Various schemes for health passports or vaccination...
Diplomatic immunity is a principle of international law by which certain foreign government officials are recognized as having legal immunity from the jurisdiction...
of two passports issued to the President and the Presidential family. As such, this passport does not extend the privilege of diplomatic immunity. Government...
Vaccine passport may refer to: Immunitypassport, also known as an immunity certificate, health pass, or release certificate, a medical record for travel...
of the economy Integrated project (EU), a type of research project Immunitypassport I/P, sometimes used as shorthand for the Israeli–Palestinian conflict...
'diplomatic immunity' to its bearer although those who gain 'diplomatic immunity' might be holding such passport. Holding such passport does not also...
official business, but without offering diplomatic immunity. The passport contains 66 pages. Emergency passport (pink cover) (Dutch: Noodpaspoort) issued either...
special passports, they lose their value when the holder arrives in Syrian territory, since the diplomatic and special passport loses its immunity when its...
Serbian passport (Serbian: Пасош Србије, romanized: Pasoš Srbije) is the primary document of international travel issued to nationals of Serbia. Passports are...
document such as a passport or a driving licence. The app's developers said this feature could also be used for COVID-19 "immunitypassports" providing documented...
diplomatic passport Green: official passport (for officers on duty for the Brazilian government, but without diplomatic immunity) Brown: laissez-passer for foreigners...
An internal or domestic passport is an identity document. Uses for internal passports have included restricting citizens of a subdivided state to employment...
(ICVP), also known as Carte Jaune or Yellow Card Travel medicine Immunitypassport Also required for travellers having transited (more than 12 hours)...
org. 6 August 2020. Halpin, Harry (2020). "Vision: A Critique of ImmunityPassports and W3C Decentralized Identifiers". arXiv:2012.00136 [cs.CR]. Brunner...
normally issued a national passport, but may be able to obtain a refugee travel document or the earlier "Nansen passport" which enables them to travel...
During the COVID-19 pandemic, Sam Rainsy advocated the introduction of immunitypassports based on tests for antibodies as a way to restart the international...
with ZAKA is working on implementing the blockchain based COVID-19 immunitypassport project (NewNorm) - to enable people to prove their COVID-19 health...
no state government had a passport requirement. The Articles of Confederation government (1783–1789) did not have a passport requirement. From 1789 through...
with an ePassport may have to submit to biometric authentication as part of the Smartgate system, linking individuals to their visas and passports. Biometric...
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