Model of a segmented left human femur. It shows the outer surface (red), the surface between compact bone and spongy bone (green) and the surface of the bone marrow (blue).
In digital image processing and computer vision, image segmentation is the process of partitioning a digital image into multiple image segments, also known as image regions or image objects (sets of pixels). The goal of segmentation is to simplify and/or change the representation of an image into something that is more meaningful and easier to analyze.[1][2] Image segmentation is typically used to locate objects and boundaries (lines, curves, etc.) in images. More precisely, image segmentation is the process of assigning a label to every pixel in an image such that pixels with the same label share certain characteristics.
The result of image segmentation is a set of segments that collectively cover the entire image, or a set of contours extracted from the image (see edge detection). Each of the pixels in a region are similar with respect to some characteristic or computed property,[3] such as color, intensity, or texture. Adjacent regions are significantly different color respect to the same characteristic(s).[1] When applied to a stack of images, typical in medical imaging, the resulting contours after image segmentation can be used to create 3D reconstructions with the help of geometry reconstruction algorithms like marching cubes.[4]
^ abLinda G. Shapiro and George C. Stockman (2001): "Computer Vision", pp 279–325, New Jersey, Prentice-Hall, ISBN 0-13-030796-3
^Barghout, Lauren, and Lawrence W. Lee. "Perceptual information processing system." Paravue Inc. U.S. Patent Application 10/618,543, filed July 11, 2003.
^Nielsen, Frank; Nock, Richard (2003). "On region merging: The statistical soundness of fast sorting, with applications". 2003 IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, 2003. Proceedings. Vol. 2. IEEE. pp. II:19–26. doi:10.1109/CVPR.2003.1211447. ISBN 0-7695-1900-8.
^Zachow, Stefan, Michael Zilske, and Hans-Christian Hege. "3D reconstruction of individual anatomy from medical image data: Segmentation and geometry processing." (2007).
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