Idries Shah (1924-06-16)16 June 1924 Simla, Punjab Province (British India)
Died
23 November 1996(1996-11-23) (aged 72) London, England, UK
Pen name
Arkon Daraul[1]
Occupation
Writer, publisher
Genre
Eastern philosophy and culture
Subject
Sufism, psychology
Notable works
The Sufis
The Commanding Self
The Subtleties of the Inimitable Mulla Nasrudin
The Exploits of the Incomparable Mulla Nasrudin
Thinkers of the East
Learning How to Learn
The Way of the Sufi
Reflections
Kara Kush
Notable awards
Outstanding Book of the Year (BBC "The Critics"), twice; six first prizes at the UNESCO World Book Year in 1973
Spouse
Cynthia (Kashfi) Kabraji
Children
Saira Shah, Tahir Shah, Safia Shah
Signature
Website
idriesshahfoundation.org
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Idries Shah (/ˈɪdrɪsˈʃɑː/; Hindi: इदरीस शाह, Pashto: ادريس شاه, Urdu: ادریس شاه; 16 June 1924 – 23 November 1996), also known as Idris Shah, né Sayed Idries el-Hashimi (Arabic: سيد إدريس هاشمي) and by the pen name Arkon Daraul, was an Afghan author, thinker and teacher in the Sufi tradition. Shah wrote over three dozen books on topics ranging from psychology and spirituality to travelogues and culture studies.
Born in British India, the descendant of a family of Afghan nobles on his father's side and a Scottish mother, Shah grew up mainly in England. His early writings centred on magic and witchcraft. In 1960 he established a publishing house, Octagon Press, producing translations of Sufi classics as well as titles of his own. His seminal work was The Sufis, which appeared in 1964 and was well received internationally. In 1965, Shah founded the Institute for Cultural Research, a London-based educational charity devoted to the study of human behaviour and culture. A similar organisation, the Institute for the Study of Human Knowledge (ISHK), was established in the United States under the directorship of Stanford University psychology professor Robert Ornstein, whom Shah appointed as his deputy in the U.S.
In his writings, Shah presented Sufism as a universal form of wisdom that predated Islam. Emphasizing that Sufism was not static but always adapted itself to the current time, place and people, he framed his teaching in Western psychological terms. Shah made extensive use of traditional teaching stories and parables, texts that contained multiple layers of meaning designed to trigger insight and self-reflection in the reader. He is perhaps best known for his collections of humorous Mulla Nasrudin stories.
Shah was at times criticized by orientalists who questioned his credentials and background. His role in the controversy surrounding a new translation of the Rubaiyat of Omar Khayyam, published by his friend Robert Graves and his older brother Omar Ali-Shah, came in for particular scrutiny. However, he also had many notable defenders, chief among them the novelist Doris Lessing. Shah came to be recognized as a spokesman for Sufism in the West and lectured as a visiting professor at a number of Western universities. His works have played a significant part in presenting Sufism as a form of spiritual wisdom approachable by individuals and not necessarily attached to any specific religion.[2]
^Estate of Idries Shah, The (1 September 2012). "Idries Shah". Facebook. Archived from the original on 19 January 2016. Retrieved 1 September 2012.
^Shah, Idries (1977) [1964]. The Sufis. London, UK: Octagon Press. p. 54. ISBN 0-86304-020-9.: "Though commonly mistaken as a Moslem sect, the Sufis are at home in all religions"
IdriesShah (/ˈɪdrɪs ˈʃɑː/; Hindi: इदरीस शाह, Pashto: ادريس شاه, Urdu: ادریس شاه; 16 June 1924 – 23 November 1996), also known as Idris Shah, né Sayed...
The IdriesShah Foundation (ISF) is an independent educational and cultural charity, set up by the family of the late thinker, writer, and teacher in...
Afghanistan. Major Martin was an associate of the writer and Sufi teacher, IdriesShah. In the account, the motto of the Sarmouni is said to be "Work produces...
ed. (1962). Year Book of World Affairs. Stevens. p. 808. Shah, Idries (1971). "IdriesShah Radio Interview (Subtítulos en Español)" (Video). Interviewed...
sister of the Sufi writers IdriesShah and Omar Ali-Shah, and the daughter of Sirdar Ikbal Ali Shah and Saira Elizabeth Luiza Shah, a Scottish woman. Her...
Sufi teacher and writer IdriesShah. Both his grandfathers were respected literary figures in their own right: Sirdar Ikbal Ali Shah on his father's side...
Mulla Nasreddin, by IdriesShah, illustrated by Richard Williams The Subtleties of the Inimitable Mulla Nasreddin, by IdriesShah, illustrated by Richard...
African Studies, University of London, graduating in 1986. Her father was IdriesShah, an Indian-Afghan and half-Scottish writer of books on Sufism. Part of...
Children. Safia Nafisa Shah is the daughter of the well-known author and teacher in the Sufi mystical tradition, IdriesShah; the twin sister of writer...
Nawab of Sardhana. His relatives include Ikbal Ali Shah, Amina Shah, Omar Ali-Shah and IdriesShah. Shah attended St. Anselm's Ajmer school and St Joseph's...
Gold of Ahmad Shah, is an adventure novel by the Anglo–Afghan writer, thinker and teacher in the Sufi mystical tradition, IdriesShah. In Afghan-Turki...
Press. ISBN 978-0-8091-3619-3. Shah, Idries (1964–2014). The Sufis. ISF Publishing. ISBN 978-1784790035. Shah, Idries (1970). The Way of the Sufi. E.P...
Pleasantries of the Incredible Mullah Nasrudin is a book by the writer IdriesShah, based on lectures he delivered at the University of Geneva as Visiting...
the writers IdriesShah, John G. Bennett, Omar Ali-Shah and J. Spencer Trimingham. The exercises were an important aspect of Omar Ali-Shah's work with groups...
Collins Sons and Co., Ltd., 1986. ISBN 0685557871 The novel Kara Kush by IdriesShah is rumored to be loosely based on the exploits of Massoud during the...
cast light on the response of hearers or readers to the story itself. IdriesShah has commented on this element of self-reference in the many interpretations...
the light is". The anecdote is attributed to Nasreddin. According to IdriesShah, this tale is used by many Sufis, commenting upon people who seek exotic...
been used in a number of religious and other traditions, though writer IdriesShah's use of it was in the context of Sufi teaching and learning, within which...
Retrieved 23 October 2010. Lessing, Doris. "On the Death of IdriesShah (excerpt from Shah's obituary in the London The Daily Telegraph)". dorislessing...
children, the Sufi writers and translators Amina Shah (b. 1918), Omar Ali-Shah (b. 1922) and IdriesShah (b. 1924). Writing under the pseudonym of "Morag...
"no historical validity." In his book The Sufis, the Afghan scholar IdriesShah suggested that Dhul-Nun al-Misri might have been the origin of the character...
For the evident classification of the Key is in two books and no more. IdriesShah also published some of it in The Secret Lore of Magic: Book of the Sorcerers...