1918 retreat of the White movement during the Russian Civil War
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This article is about the White Army's retreat towards Kuban. For the retreat across Lake Baikal, see Great Siberian Ice march.
First Kuban Campaign or Ice March
Part of the Southern Front of the Russian Civil War
A Volunteer Army recruitment poster represents a woman addressing her son with the words: "My son! Go and save your Motherland!"
Date
February 22 – May 13, 1918
Location
Kuban Oblast, Southern Russia
Result
Strategic White victory
Belligerents
White movement
Volunteer Army
Bolsheviks
Red Army
Commanders and leaders
Lavr Kornilov † Mikhail Alekseyev † Anton Denikin Sergey Markov M. O. Nezhentsev †
Ivan Sorokin Alexei Avtonomov Rudolf Sivers
Strength
Volunteer Army: initially 4,000, later 6,000 (2,000 Don Cossacks) 14 artillery pieces
5,000-20,000+ killed (exact number unknown) 10,000 wounded 7,000 captured 3,000 fled 2 armored trains captured or destroyed
During the battle of Yekaterinodar: 15,000 lost, about 10,000 of which were wounded
v
t
e
Southern Front of the Russian Civil War
1917
1st Kharkiv
1918
Mughan
Shamkhor
Donbas-Don
1st Kiev
Ice March
Steppe March
Iași–Don
March Days
1st Crimea
Transcaucasia
Kuban
Goychay
Sochi
Tsaritsyn
Kurdamir
Livny
Baku
Dibrivka
Allied intervention
1919
Voronezh–Povorino
Katerynoslav March
Northern Caucasus
Ukraine
2nd Kiev
Khotyn Uprising
1st Donbas
Hryhoriv Uprising
Binagadi
Chapan rebellion
Vyoshenskaya Uprising
Alexandrovsky Fort
Bender Uprising
Odesa
2nd Kharkiv
Mamontov Raid
Southern Front counteroffensive
3rd Kiev
Perehonivka
Advance on Moscow
Nizhyn–Poltava
Orel–Kursk
Voronezh–Kastornoye
Khopyor–Don
Pavlohrad–Katerynoslav
3rd Kharkiv
4th Kiev
2nd Donbas
1920
Rostov–Novocherkassk
Odesa
North Caucasus
Novorossiysk
Azerbaijan
Yalama
Sarvan
Ochakov
Anzali
Lankaran
Ulagay's Landing
Obytichnyi Spit
Armenia
Northern Taurida
Dagestan uprising
Tambov Rebellion
Perekop–Chonhar
2nd Crimea
Bolshevik–Makhnovist conflict
1921
Anapa
Georgia
Map of the march
The Ice March (Russian: Ледяной походъ), also called the First Kuban Campaign (Russian: Первый кубанскій походъ), a military withdrawal lasting from February to May 1918, was one of the defining moments in the Russian Civil War of 1917 to 1921. Under attack by the Red Army advancing from the north, the forces of the Volunteer Army, sometimes referred to as the White Guard, began a retreat from the city of Rostov south towards the Kuban, in the hope of gaining the support of the Don Cossacks against the Bolshevik government in Moscow.
^ C.В. Волков. Трагедия русского офицерства. Глава IV. Офицерство в Белом движении. Юг. Потери. Дата обращения: 7 октября 2015. Архивировано 2 сентября 2016 года.
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Global Information
Lavr Kornilov †
Ivan Sorokin
Volunteer Army:
Red Army: