This article is about the legendary figure associated with the foundation of Carthage. For the historical Numidian ruler, see Hiarbas (king).
Iarbas (or Hiarbas) was a Roman mythological character, who has appeared in works by various authors including Ovid and Virgil. The character is possibly based on a historical king of Numidia.
In Roman mythology, Iarbas was the son of Jupiter Hammon (Hammon was a North African god associated by the Romans with Jupiter, and known for his oracle) and a Garamantian nymph.[1] He became the king of Getulia. According to Virgil's Aeneid, he was a suitor for the Carthaginian queen Dido, who rejected his advances.[2]
Variations of the story were referred to by Ovid. In Ovid's Heroides, Dido describes Iarbas as one of her suitors,[3] to whom Aeneas would be handing her over as a captive if he should leave her.[4] In Ovid's Fasti, Iarbas and the Numidians invade Dido's land after her suicide, resulting in his capturing her palace.[5]
Macrobius, and Pompeius Trogus also tell versions of the myth; in Justin's epitome of Pompeius he is king of the Muxitani.
Silius Italicus, in his epic poem Punica borrows the name of Hiarbas for one of his characters.[6] Hiarbas is the Garamantian leader of the Gaetuli, Nasamones and Macae and the father of Asbyte, one of the Carthaginian leaders in the Second Punic War.[7] He traces his ancestry back to Jupiter.[8] He is killed by the Saguntine hero Murrus.[6]
Iarbas is briefly referenced in Dante's Purgatorio as owning part of the land south of Italy.[9] Iarbas is also a character in Christopher Marlowe's play Dido, Queen of Carthage.[10]
^ abMartin T. Dinter, "Epitaphic Gestures in Statius and Silius Italicus", in Antony Augoustakis (ed.), Ritual and Religion in Flavian Epic (Oxford University Press, ), pp. 267–286, at 277.
^David J. Mattingly (1995), Tripolitania, B. T. Batsford, p. 56.
^Alison M. Keith, "Engendering Orientalism in Silius' Pvnica", in Antony Agoustakis (ed.), Brill's Companion to Silius Italicus (Brill, 2010), pp. 353–373, at 367.
^Dante Purgatorio 31.72.
^"Dido, Queen of Carthage | play by Marlowe and Nashe". Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved 2017-08-04.
describes Iarbas as one of her suitors, to whom Aeneas would be handing her over as a captive if he should leave her. In Ovid's Fasti, Iarbas and the Numidians...
of the love affair comes to King Iarbas the Gaetulian, "a son of Jupiter Ammon by a raped Garamantian nymph", Iarbas prays to his father, blaming Dido...
Vincetoxicum hirundinaria, commonly named white swallow-wort, is a long-lived herbaceous perennial of the genus Vincetoxicum in the family Apocynaceae...
with the great oracle of Ammon in the Oasis soon after its establishment. Iarbas, a mythological king of Libya, was also considered a son of Hammon. According...
(sun) iotation [e] → [ie] in the beginning of the word Lat. herba → Rom. ĭarbă (grass, herb) velar [k ɡ] → labial [p b m] before alveolar consonants and...
to Italy. In Roman mythology, Iarbas was the son of a North African god, Jupiter Hammon, and a Garamantian nymph. Iarbas became the first king of Gaetuli...
landing in North Africa, she is greeted by the local Berber chieftain, Iarbas (also called Hiarbas) who promises to cede as much land as could be covered...
Beck; performed live and recorded at the 2014 iTunes Festival in London Iarba & Cox - Keed "I Hate and I Love" 1981 cantata for mixed chorus an percussion...
the news of Aeneas and Dido's marriage, which eventually reaches king Iarbas. Iarbas, who also sought relations with Dido but was rejected, angrily prays...
Dido commits suicide after Aeneas abandons her. In Busenello's version Iarbas, King of the Getuli, shows up in the nick of time to save Dido from herself...
("The Girl of Zlataust") Lorelei Golia Turnul Milenei ("Milena's Tower") Iarbă ("Grass") În casa bunicilor ("My Grandparents' House") Masa umbrelor ("Table...
Romanian; comparable with "shit-load") or the poetic "câtă frunză, câtă iarbă" (lit. "as many leaves and blades of grass", referring to a large number...
2011. Sebastian Perju, Adrian Epure (21 August 2010). "Ienei, lordul din iarbă". Adevărul (in Romanian). Retrieved 15 September 2010. Profile Archived...
fleeing from Tyre to found a new city. Didon, however, is concerned about Iarbas, the Numidian king, not least because he has proposed a political marriage...
Hiempsal I, king of Numidia Gauda, Jugurtha's brother; a king of Numidia Iarbas, Gaetulian king Hiarbas, king, usurped the throne of Numidia Hiempsal II...
Year Title Role Notes 1977 E atât de aproape fericirea [ro] Eugenia 1977 Iarba verde de acasă [ro] 1978 Eu, tu, și... Ovidiu [ro] Dana 1981 Întoarce-te...
Travel Guide Romania. 10 August 2013. Retrieved 2022-03-27. "Dansând în iarbă, cu jazz şi popcorn. Cum a arătat seara 1 din Jazz in the Park". Actual...
grey nymph Anteros formosus, gold drop Lymnas iarbas, underleaf (maybe the same species as Melanis iarbas) Lymnas xarifa, orange-tipped underleaf Mesene...
evenimentelor. "Pământul pe alocurea s-au despicat și au eșit apă cu miros de iarbă de pușcă și de pucioasă"". Adevărul (in Romanian). Rădulescu, Florin (2008–2009)...
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