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Hyraceum information


Hyraceum (/hˈrsiəm/) is the petrified and rock-like excrement composed of both urine and feces of the rock hyrax (Procavia capensis) and closely related species.

The rock hyrax defecates in the same location over generations, which may be sheltered in caves. These locations form middens that are composed of hyraceum and hyrax pellets, which can be petrified and preserved for over 50,000 years. These middens form a record of past climate and vegetation.[1]

It is also a sought-after material that has been used in both traditional South African medicine and perfumery.

  1. ^ Chase, Brian; Scott, Louis; Meadows, Michael; Gil-Romero, Graciela; Book, Arnoud; Carr, Andrew; Reimer, Paula; Truc, Loic; Valsecchi, Verushka; Quick, Lynne (2012). "Rock hyrax middens: A palaeoenvironmental archive for southern African drylands". Quaternary Science Reviews. 56: 107–125. Bibcode:2012QSRv...56..107C. doi:10.1016/j.quascirev.2012.08.018.

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in protected areas. Layers of dung are quickly hardened and sealed by Hyraceum, creating mainly horizontal middens. Middens created by antelopes, as well...

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scholarly squabbling, but the absence of physical specimens was soon fatal. Hyraceum Toadstone Walton, 364, quoted Walton, 377 Earle R. Caley and John F.C....

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