1893 advertisements in Farm Journal for horse tread powers and sweep powers, and for various mills that horses can power (feed/fodder cutters and grain grinders)
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A horse engine (also called a horse power or horse-power) is a (now largely obsolete) machine for using draft horses to power other machinery. It is a type of animal engine that was very common before internal combustion engines and electrification. A common design for the horse engine was a large treadmill on which one or more horses walked. The surface of the treadmill was made of wooden slats linked like a chain. Rotary motion from the treadmill was first passed to a planetary gear system, and then to a shaft or pulley that could be coupled to another machine. Such powers were called tread powers, railway powers, or endless-chain powers.[1]: 1041 [2][3]: 277–282 Another common design was the horse wheel or sweep power, in which one or several horses walked in a circle, turning a shaft at the center.[1]: 1041 [2][3]: 277–282 Mills driven by horse powers were called horse mills. Horse engines were often portable so that they could be attached to whichever implement they were needed for at the time. Others were built into horse-engine houses.
Examples of farm machinery powered with a horse engine include gristmills (see horse mill), threshing machines, corn shellers, feed cutters, silo blowers, grain grinders, pumps, and saws such as bucksaws and lumber mill saws. They could also be used interchangeably with other forms of power, such as a hand crank, stationary engine, portable engine, or the flat belt pulley or PTO shaft of a tractor, which eventually replaced them on most American and European farms.[citation needed]
Today there are still a few modern versions used by Amish people that assist in farm chores and that power machine shops via line shafts.[citation needed]
^ abJohnson, Cuthbert William (1844), The Farmer's Encyclopaedia, and Dictionary of Rural Affairs: Embracing All the Most Recent Discoveries in Agricultural Chemistry, vol. 1, Carey and Hart.
^ abTodd, S. Edwards (1850), "Railway or endless-chain horse power—threshing, sawing and cutting machines, &c., &c.", American Agriculturalist, 9 (1): 156–157.
^ abWendel, Charles H. (2004), Encyclopedia of American Farm Implements and Antiques (2nd ed.), Iola, WI, USA: Krause Publications, ISBN 978-0873495684.
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