Horntail or wood wasp are any of the 150 non-social species of the hymenopteran family Siricidae, a type of wood-eating sawfly. The common name "horntail" derives from the stout, spine-like structure at the end of the adult's abdomen, which is used to pierce the host's bark to allow the eggs to be inserted into the wood (the ovipositor is typically longer and also projects posteriorly, but it is not the source of the name). A typical adult horntail is brown, blue, or black with yellow or red parts, and may often reach up to 4 cm (1.6 in) long. The pigeon horntail (Tremex columba) can grow up to 5 cm (2.0 in) long (not counting the ovipositor), among the longest of all Hymenoptera.
This family was formerly believed to be the sole living representative of the superfamily Siricoidea, a group well represented in Paleogene and Mesozoic times, but the family Anaxyelidae has been linked to this group as well. Siricidae has two subfamilies, Siricinae and Tremecinae. Siricinae infest needle-leaved trees[1] and Tremecinae infest broad-leaved trees.[1][2] There are ten[1] living genera placed in the family, and an additional three genera described from fossils.[3][4]
Female horntails lay their eggs in trees. The larvae bore into the wood and live in the tree for up to two years, possibly more. They typically migrate to just under the bark before pupation.
^ abcSchiff, N. M.; Goulet, H.; Smith, D. R.; Boudreault, C.; Wilson, A. D.; Scheffler, B. E. (2012). "Siricidae (Hymenoptera: Symphyta: Siricoidea) of the western hemisphere". Canadian Journal of Arthropod Identification. 21. doi:10.3752/cjai.2012.21.
^Kuramitsu, Kazumu; Kosaki, Atsuya; Ishihara, Teruhito; Yamada, Hideo; Watanabe, Kyohei (2016-10-28). "Infestation of the woodwasp Tremex apicalis Matsumura (Hymenoptera, Siricidae) on the large-leaf dogwood Swida macrophylla (Wall.) with biological notes on its parasitoid wasps". Journal of Hymenoptera Research. 52: 71–79. doi:10.3897/jhr.52.10060. ISSN 1314-2607.
^Wedmann, S.; Pouillon, J. M.; Nel, A. (2014). "New Palaeogene horntail wasps (Hymenoptera, Siricidae) and a discussion of their fossil record". Zootaxa. 3869 (1): 33–43. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.3869.1.3. PMID 25283896.
^Archibald, S.B.; Rasnitsyn, A.P. (2015). "New early Eocene Siricomorpha (Hymenoptera: Symphyta: Pamphiliidae, Siricidae, Cephidae) from the Okanagan Highlands, western North America". The Canadian Entomologist. 148 (2): 209–228. doi:10.4039/tce.2015.55. S2CID 85743832.
Horntail or wood wasp are any of the 150 non-social species of the hymenopteran family Siricidae, a type of wood-eating sawfly. The common name "horntail"...
tracks – one side was called Chinese Fireball and the other Hungarian Horntail – that were themed as two chasing dragons. Its layout involved two trains...
Tremex columba, also known as the pigeon tremex or pigeon horntail, is a species of horntail that is native to eastern and western North America. The females...
Urocerus gigas, the giant woodwasp, banded horntail, or greater horntail, is a species of sawfly native to the Palearctic realm and North Africa. Adults...
dead wood bored by its host, the larva of a similarly large species of horntail. The specific epithet of macrurus is from the Greek words makrós (μακρός)...
Urocerus albicornis (white-horned horntail) is a species of horntail native to North America. This species has occasionally been introduced into Europe...
where horntail larvae are present. It has also been introduced to Australia, New Zealand, Tasmania, Brazil, and South Africa to help control horntail forest...
Tanychlamys indica, also known as the horntail snail is a species of air-breathing land snail, a terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusk, in the family...
Urocerus flavicornis, the yellow-horned horntail wasp, is a species of horntail native to North America. "Urocerus flavicornis". GBIF. Retrieved 2021-04-23...
Urocerus japonicus, commonly known as the Japanese horntail, is a species of sawfly, native to southeastern Asia. Studies show that the dispersal distance...
insects. They are idiobiont endoparasitoids of the larvae of wood-boring horntail wasps. The ovipositor can be mistaken for a large stinger. This is a genus...
cyaneus (blue horntail) is a species of horntail in the genus Sirex. Native to forests in Alberta, they grow to 2 cm in length. Blue Horntail (Sirex cyaneus)...
trunks. These wasps are parasitic in the larval stage on the larvae of horntail wasps, hence the egg must be deposited directly into the host's body as...
Urocerus is a genus of horntails in the family Siricidae. There are about eight described species in Urocerus. These species belong to the genus Urocerus:...
which have a narrow waist. The suborder Symphyta includes the sawflies, horntails, and parasitic wood wasps. The group may be paraphyletic, as it has been...
Thuja. The fungus first appeared in Japan as a symbiont of the Japanese horntail (Urocerus japonicus), being injected into the sapwood of the Japanese cedar...
Tremex fuscicornis (tremex wasp) is a species of horntail, native to Europe and Asia, and has been introduced to Australia, Canada and Chile. Parra Sanhueza...
Sirex juvencus is a species of horntail found in Europe, Siberia, Sakhalin Island, Japan, the Philippines, Algeria and several other countries. Its common...
Scotland. Black, with rough scales and brilliant purple eyes. Hungarian Horntail – A species of dragon native to Hungary. It is considered the most dangerous...
Azkaban. In Goblet of Fire, Harry uses his Firebolt to escape the Hungarian Horntail during the Triwizard Tournament. Quidditch appears in five of the eight...
Arge pagana and A. ochropus, defoliate rose bushes. The giant woodwasp or horntail, Urocerus gigas, has a long ovipositor, which with its black and yellow...
redirects the riders' attentions back to their journey, Hagrid's pet Hungarian Horntail dragon begins to chase the riders. The bench flies out of the projection...
species, including Rhyssa persuasoria and Megarhyssa macrurus, parasitise horntails, large sawflies whose adult females also have impressively long ovipositors...
and is caught off-guard when he is forced to face a deadly Hungarian Horntail in battle while his competitors fight imaginary dragons. With no other...
Global Information
