Learning to a man is a name superior to beauty;
learning is better than hidden treasure.
Learning is a companion on a journey to a strange country,
learning is strength inexhaustible.
Learning is the source of renown
and the fountain of victory in the senate.
Learning is a superior sight,
learning is a livelihood;
a man without learning is as a beast of the field.
—Hitopadesa Translator: Charles Wilkins[1]
Hitopadesha (Sanskrit: हितोपदेशः, IAST: Hitopadeśa, "Beneficial Advice") is an Indian text in the Sanskrit language consisting of fables with both animal and human characters. It incorporates maxims, worldly wisdom and advice on political affairs in simple, elegant language,[2]: ix–xiv and the work has been widely translated.
Little is known about its origin. The surviving text is believed to be from the 12th-century, but was probably composed by Narayana between 800 and 950 CE.[3] The oldest manuscript found in Nepal has been dated to the 14th century, and its content and style has been traced to the ancient Sanskrit treatises called the Panchatantra from much earlier.[2]: ix–xiv [4]
^Charles Wilkins (1886), Hitopadesa: Fables and Proverbs, London: George Routledge & Sons, page 27
^ abS. Narayana (2006). Hitopadesa. Translated by Haksar, A.N.D. Penguin Books. ISBN 978-0-140-45522-9.
^Kaushik Roy (2012). Hinduism and the Ethics of Warfare in South Asia: From Antiquity to the Present. Cambridge University Press. p. 151. ISBN 978-1-139-57684-0.
^Panchatantra: INDIAN LITERATURE, Encyclopaedia Britannica
is as a beast of the field. —Hitopadesa Translator: Charles Wilkins Hitopadesha (Sanskrit: हितोपदेशः, IAST: Hitopadeśa, "Beneficial Advice") is an Indian...
Ryder's English translation of 1925, and Chandra Rajan's of 1993. Nara — Hitopadesha by Narayana is probably the most popular version in India, and was the...
translated popular texts such as the fables of the Panchatantra and the Hitopadesha, as well as in Southeast Asian texts. Myth is a genre of folklore or...
and the Jataka tales. These included Vishnu Sarma's Panchatantra, the Hitopadesha, Vikram and The Vampire, and Syntipas' Seven Wise Masters, which were...
or Narayana, was the Brāhmaṇa author of the Sanskrit treatise called Hitopadesha — a work based primarily on the Panchatantra, one of the oldest collection...
Panchatantra, Syntipas's The Seven Wise Masters, and the fable collections Hitopadesha and Vikram and The Vampire. This form gradually spread west through the...
collections of legends, folktales, fairy tales, and fables are Panchatantra, Hitopadesha and Kathasaritsagara. Jataka tales, originally written in Pali, is a...
of Pataliputra. Scholars presume that the work was modelled after the Hitopadesha. The Kāmandakīya Nītisāra is considered to be a post-Mauryan treatise...
a Marathi proverb. The paddy-bird also appears as a character in the Hitopadesha where, in one story, it takes injury to itself to save a king. The bird...
languages, until the English translation by Charles Wilkins of the Sanskrit Hitopadesha in 1787. The Panchatantra approximated its current literary form within...
translation under the title Simhasana Battisi, along with Panchatantra and Hitopadesha. The 17th century poet Shamal Bhatt had adapted these stories as narrative...
traditional narratives made by Vishnu Sarma in the second century BC. The Hitopadesha of Narayana is a collection of anthropomorphic fabliaux, animal fables...
Shipwrecked Sailor" and Indian epics like the Ramayana, Seven Wise Masters, Hitopadesha and Vikram and the Vampire. In Vishnu Sarma's Panchatantra, an inter-woven...
Bhava), Rupak chayanika, Alamkaar satsai and Hitopdesh natak, based on Hitopadesha, a collection of Sanskrit fables. Shringar shiksha (Instruction in Passion)...
imported through Thailand such as the Jataka, the Panchatantra or the Hitopadesha, or French literature such as in Les Fables de Lafontaine in what Khmer...
(1325–1400), author of Ganita Kaumudi Narayan Pandit, author of the Hitopadesha in Sanskrit This disambiguation page lists articles about people with...
sequel is in accordance with his answer. This tale is originally found in Hitopadesha, a Sanskrit collection of tales. Boccaccio, though, may have directly...
Hindu fiction and the other famous story-collections like Panchatantra, Hitopadesha etc. Volumes 2 to 10 published the original translation with extensive...
open-air theatre for Haryanavi folk art, music and dance performances. Hitopadesha Video documentary on Dharohar museum Haryana State Museum at Panchkula...
many valuable subhashitas. The famous Panchatantra (3rd century BC) and Hitopadesha (12th century AD) which is a collection of animal fables effectively...
multiple times in Indian folklore as the subject of stories in both the Hitopadesha and the Panchatantra. In Islam, eating the meat of domestic donkeys is...
all versions of the Panchatantra, as well as the later Sanskrit works Hitopadesha and the Kathasaritsagara. It also occurs in most of the languages of...
forces. 69 2020 27 September PM Modi talked about storytelling in India; Hitopadesha and Panchatantra. Farmers were also talked about. The anniversary of...
Baptist Mission (1817–1834). Another famous book that he co-authored was Hitopadesha in 1820, a collection of fables modelled on Aesop's. Mukherjee, Soumyendra...
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