History of women in engineering in the United Kingdom information
Women in engineering in the UK
Women have played a role in engineering in the United Kingdom for hundreds of years, despite the various societal barriers facing them.[1][2] In the 18th and 19th century, there were few formal training opportunities for women to train as engineers and frequently women were introduced to engineering through family companies or their spouses. Some women did have more formal educations in the late 19th century and early 20th century, normally in mathematics or science subjects.[3][4] There are several examples of women filing patents in the 19th century, including Sarah Guppy, Henrietta Vansittart and Hertha Ayrton.[5][6][7]
During the first two decades of the 20th century new opportunities arose for women to go to university and earn degrees[8] and there were increasing numbers of women studying maths and physics at universities across the UK. The job opportunities for women opened up by World War I meant many women were trained in various forms of engineering. In 1919, the Women's Engineering Society (WES) was founded to protect these jobs for women, which, once the war ended, were handed back to the men returning from the front, as decreed by the Restoration of Pre-War Practices Act (1919).[9][10][11]
The 1920s and 30s produced many successful women engineers, who were able to forge careers for themselves in various fields, including aeronautical, automotive and electrical engineering.[12] Many of these women were members of WES.[12]
^Fara, Patricia (2018). A lab of one's own : science and suffrage in the first World War (First ed.). Oxford, United Kingdom. ISBN 978-0-19-879498-1. OCLC 989049156.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
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^Takayanagi, Mari (2012). "Parliament and Women, c.1900-1945 PhD Thesis" (PDF).
^Cite error: The named reference :1 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^Koerner, Emily Rees (2020-06-16). "Why the Women's Engineering Society still has its work cut out after 100 years". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 2020-06-24.
^ abCite error: The named reference :6 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
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