One of the possible definitions of mass in general relativity
The Hawking energy or Hawking mass is one of the possible definitions of mass in general relativity. It is a measure of the bending of ingoing and outgoing rays of light that are orthogonal to a 2-sphere surrounding the region of space whose mass is to be defined.
The Hawkingenergy or Hawking mass is one of the possible definitions of mass in general relativity. It is a measure of the bending of ingoing and outgoing...
the current best telescopes' detecting ability. Hawking radiation reduces the mass and rotational energy of black holes and is therefore also theorized...
Stephen William Hawking CH CBE FRS FRSA (8 January 1942 – 14 March 2018) was an English theoretical physicist, cosmologist, and author who was director...
spacetime from which nothing—not even light—can escape. In the 1970s, Stephen Hawking applied the semiclassical approach of quantum field theory in curved spacetime...
completely powered by energy from matter accreting into the black hole, rather than stellar fusion. It is named for Stephen Hawking, who proposed the existence...
temperature). Using the thermodynamic relationship between energy, temperature and entropy, Hawking was able to confirm Bekenstein's conjecture and fix the...
that its energy becomes negative and the pair have no net energy. This allows them to become real and the positive particle escapes as Hawking radiation...
emit by Hawking radiation. Some hypotheses involving additional space dimensions predict that micro black holes could be formed at energies as low as...
It is named after James Hartle and Hawking. Hawkingenergy or Hawking mass, an approximation of the mass-energy of a region of spacetime, under general...
Big Bang or when black holes emit Hawking radiation. Given the stationary-action principle, conservation of energy can be rigorously proven by Noether's...
They also suggested that those anomalies could be "Hawking points", remnant signals from the "Hawking evaporation of supermassive black holes in the aeon...
ch. 5 Such quasi-local mass–energy definitions are the Hawkingenergy, Geroch energy, or Penrose's quasi-local energy–momentum based on twistor methods;...
The Geroch energy or Geroch mass is one of the possible definitions of mass in general relativity. It can be derived from the Hawkingenergy, itself a...
theoretical cosmology by English physicist Stephen Hawking. It was first published in 1988. Hawking wrote the book for readers who had no prior knowledge...
In physical cosmology and astronomy, dark energy is an unknown form of energy that affects the universe on the largest scales. Its primary effect is to...
thermodynamics by relating mass to energy, area to entropy, and surface gravity to temperature. The analogy was completed when Hawking, in 1974, showed that quantum...
variety of proposed definitions such as the Hawkingenergy, the Geroch energy or Penrose's quasi-local energy–momentum based on twistor methods, the field...
structure, wherein the Hawking radiation from an ordinary black hole is identified with a white hole's emission of energy and matter. Hawking's semi-classical...
decaying via Hawking evaporation. Adding energy to such a system might decrease its temperature by creating larger black holes, whose Hawking temperature...
evaporate by emitting Hawking radiation. The entropy of the universe would increase to the point where no organized form of energy could be extracted from...
form, but would offer the same 100% conversion rate of mass to energy in the form of Hawking radiation. In the case of relatively small black holes (smaller...
power source and engine also requires a way to convert the Hawking radiation into energy and thrust. One potential method involves placing the hole at...
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