Late 1970s to early 1980s, Southern California,[2][3][4][5][6][7] Vancouver, Knoxville,[8] San Francisco,[7][1] Washington, D.C. area[7]
Derivative forms
Alternative rock
black metal[9][10]
crustcore[11]
death metal
emo
grunge
noise rock
post-hardcore
screamo
skate punk
speed metal
street punk
thrash metal
nu metal
Subgenres
D-beat
powerviolence
beatdown hardcore
melodic hardcore
thrashcore
Christian hardcore (complete list)
Fusion genres
Crossover thrash
deathcore
digital hardcore
grindcore
jazzcore
mathcore
metalcore
Nintendocore
skacore
sludge metal
Regional scenes
Australia
Belgium[12]
Brazil
California (Southern California)
Canada
Italy
Japan
Spain
Sweden
United Kingdom
Local scenes
Birmingham
Buenos Aires
Boston
Chicago
Detroit
Leeds
Minneapolis
New York
Washington, D.C.
Other topics
Anarcho-punk
DIY ethic
extreme metal
hatecore
hardcore hip hop
hardcore techno
hardcore skinhead
hardline
horror punk
moshing
Oi!
positive hardcore
punk subculture
straight edge
youth crew
Hardcore punk (commonly abbreviated to hardcore) is a punk rock music genre and subculture that originated in the late 1970s. It is generally faster, harder, and more aggressive than other forms of punk rock.[8] Its roots can be traced to earlier punk scenes in San Francisco and Southern California which arose as a reaction against the still predominant hippie cultural climate of the time. It was also inspired by Washington, D.C., and New York punk rock and early proto-punk.[1] Hardcore punk generally disavows commercialism, the established music industry and "anything similar to the characteristics of mainstream rock"[13] and often addresses social and political topics with "confrontational, politically charged lyrics".[14]
Hardcore sprouted underground scenes across the United States in the early 1980s, particularly in Los Angeles, San Francisco, Washington, D.C., Boston, and New York, as well as in Canada and the United Kingdom. Hardcore has spawned the straight edge movement and its associated sub-movements, hardline and youth crew. Hardcore was heavily involved in the rise of the independent record labels in the 1980s and with the DIY ethics in underground music scenes. It has also influenced various music genres that have experienced widespread commercial success, including grunge and thrash metal.
Although the music genre started in English-speaking Western countries, notable hardcore scenes have existed in Italy and Japan.
^ abcLeblanc, Lauraine (1999). Pretty in Punk: Girls' Gender Resistance in a Boys' Subculture. Rutgers University Press. p. 49. ISBN 9780813526515.
^Ellis, Iain (2008). Rebels Wit Attitude: Subversive Rock Humorists. Counterpoint Press. p. 172. ISBN 978-1593762063.
^Thompson, Stacy (February 1, 2012). Punk Productions: Unfinished Business. SUNY Press. p. 71. ISBN 978-0791484609.
^James F. Short, Lorine A. Hughes (January 1, 2006). Studying Youth Gangs. Rowman Altamira. p. 149. ISBN 978-0759109391.
^Moore, Ryan (December 1, 2009). Sells like Teen Spirit: Music, Youth Culture, and Social Crisis. NYU Press. p. 50. ISBN 978-0814796030.
^Waksman, Steve (January 5, 2009). This Ain't the Summer of Love: Conflict and Crossover in Heavy Metal and Punk. University of California Press. p. 210. ISBN 978-0520943889.
^ abcChapman, Roger (2010). Culture Wars. M.E. Sharpe. p. 449. ISBN 978-0765622501.
^ abBlush, Stephen (November 9, 2001). American Hardcore: A Tribal History. Feral House. ISBN 0-922915-71-7.
^Weisbard, Eric, ed. (2012). Pop When the World Falls Apart: Music in the Shadow of Doubt. Duke University Press. p. 279. ISBN 978-0822351085.
^Phillips, William & Cogan, Brian (2009). Encyclopedia of heavy metal music. Greenwood Press. pp. 109, 234. ISBN 978-0313348006.
^Von Havoc, Felix (January 1, 1984). "Rise of Crust". Profane Existence. Archived from the original on June 15, 2008. Retrieved June 16, 2008.
Hardcorepunk (commonly abbreviated to hardcore) is a punk rock music genre and subculture that originated in the late 1970s. It is generally faster, harder...
as a style of hardcorepunk and post-hardcore from the mid-1980s Washington, D.C. hardcore scene, where it was known as emotional hardcore or emocore. The...
This is a list of notable hardcorepunk bands. Hardcorepunk (commonly shortened to hardcore) is an underground music genre that generally revolves around...
Melodic hardcore is a broadly defined subgenre of hardcorepunk with a strong emphasis on melody in its guitar work. It generally incorporates fast rhythms...
Beatdown hardcore (also known as heavy hardcore, brutal hardcore, toughguy, moshcore, or simply beatdown) is a subgenre of hardcorepunk with prominent...
Metalcore is a fusion genre combining elements of extreme metal and hardcorepunk, that originated in the late 1980s. Metalcore is noted for its use of...
art/experimental punk, new wave, electropunk, punk-funk, rockabilly, deathrock and hard rock. In 1978 in Southern California, the first hardcorepunk bands arose...
melodies. Glam punk (also called glitter punk) fuses elements of punk rock and glam rock, commonly reflected in image. Hardcorepunk (or hardcore) music is...
modification. Women in the hardcore scene typically wore clothing categorized as masculine. Punk aesthetics determine the type of art punks enjoy, which typically...
Digital hardcore is a fusion genre that combines hardcorepunk with electronic dance music genres such as breakbeat, techno, and drum and bass while also...
Revolution: HardcorePunk, Straight Edge, and Radical Politics, author Gabriel Kuhn referred to the genre as a "blend of 1977 British punk, roots culture...
subgenre of heavy metal music that combines elements of doom metal and hardcorepunk. The genre generally includes slow tempos, tuned down guitars and nihilistic...
Originally a form of hardcorepunk that had been closely associated with skate culture, skate punk evolved into a more melodic genre of punk rock in the 1990s...
Canadian hardcorepunk originated in the early 1980s. It was harder, faster, and heavier than the Canadian punk rock that preceded it. Hardcorepunk (usually...
anarchist punk artists include: Aus-Rotten, Dave Insurgent, Crass, Subhumans, Colin Jerwood, and Dave Dictor. In the 1980s, both straight edge hardcorepunk in...
aggressive subgenres, such as hardcorepunk (e.g., Minor Threat), Oi! (e.g., Sham 69), street punk (e.g., the Exploited), and anarcho-punk (e.g., Crass), became...
New York hardcore (also known as NYHC) is both the hardcorepunk music created in New York City and the subculture and lifestyle associated with that...
transformed into a Nazi punk band. The Nazi Punk subculture appeared in the United States by the early 1980s in the hardcorepunk scene. List of neo-Nazi...
1979 album Buy. Punk jazz is closely related to free jazz, no wave, and loft jazz, and has since significantly inspired post-hardcore and alternative...
Hardcorepunk in the United Kingdom (often abbreviated as UKHC) began in the late 1970s and early 1980s with the second wave of punk rock in the country...
hardcore. The distinct social dress of other subcultures and art movements, including glam rock, skinheads, greasers, and mods have influenced punk fashion...
Christian hardcore or Christcore is a subcategory of hardcorepunk bands which promote Christian belief. The method and extent of doing so varies between...
is a subculture of hardcorepunk whose adherents refrain from using alcohol, tobacco and recreational drugs in reaction to the punk subculture's excesses...
list of hardcorepunk musical genres. Bandana thrash Christian hardcore Crossover thrash Crunkcore Crust punk D-beat Deathcore Digital hardcore Easycore...
AllMusic says that old school rap rock had more in common with "hardcorepunk or artsy post-punk with breakbeats" than with metal. Early hip hop DJs utilized...