Group of chemical compounds derived from alkanes containing one or more halogens
Tetrafluoroethane (a haloalkane) is a colorless liquid that boils well below room temperature (as seen here) and can be extracted from common canned air canisters by simply inverting them during use.
The haloalkanes (also known as halogenoalkanes or alkyl halides) are alkanes containing one or more halogen substituents.[1] They are a subset of the general class of halocarbons, although the distinction is not often made. Haloalkanes are widely used commercially. They are used as flame retardants, fire extinguishants, refrigerants, propellants, solvents, and pharmaceuticals. Subsequent to the widespread use in commerce, many halocarbons have also been shown to be serious pollutants and toxins. For example, the chlorofluorocarbons have been shown to lead to ozone depletion. Methyl bromide is a controversial fumigant. Only haloalkanes that contain chlorine, bromine, and iodine are a threat to the ozone layer, but fluorinated volatile haloalkanes in theory may have activity as greenhouse gases. Methyl iodide, a naturally occurring substance, however, does not have ozone-depleting properties and the United States Environmental Protection Agency has designated the compound a non-ozone layer depleter. For more information, see Halomethane. Haloalkane or alkyl halides are the compounds which have the general formula "RX" where R is an alkyl or substituted alkyl group and X is a halogen (F, Cl, Br, I).
Haloalkanes have been known for centuries. Chloroethane was produced in the 15th century. The systematic synthesis of such compounds developed in the 19th century in step with the development of organic chemistry and the understanding of the structure of alkanes. Methods were developed for the selective formation of C-halogen bonds. Especially versatile methods included the addition of halogens to alkenes, hydrohalogenation of alkenes, and the conversion of alcohols to alkyl halides. These methods are so reliable and so easily implemented that haloalkanes became cheaply available for use in industrial chemistry because the halide could be further replaced by other functional groups.
While many haloalkanes are human-produced, substantial amounts are biogenic.
^Patai, Saul, ed. (1973). The chemistry of the carbon-halogen bond. Saul Patai. London: John Wiley & Sons. doi:10.1002/9780470771280. ISBN 978-0-470-77128-0. OCLC 520990502.
The haloalkanes (also known as halogenoalkanes or alkyl halides) are alkanes containing one or more halogen substituents. They are a subset of the general...
In enzymology, a haloalkane dehalogenase (EC 3.8.1.5) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction 1-haloalkane + H2O ⇌ {\displaystyle \rightleftharpoons...
with the type of experiments to be performed. This bacterial enzyme is a haloalkane dehalogenase, which acts as a hydrolase and is designed to facilitate...
haloalkanes; 2° haloalkanes generally do not give synthetically useful yields, while 3° haloalkanes fail completely. With strong base, 3° haloalkanes...
Bromochlorofluoroiodomethane is a hypothetical haloalkane with all four stable halogen substituents present in it. This compound can be seen as a methane...
aforementioned antimony. Heating the mixture of the metal fluoride and the haloalkane (chlorine and bromine are replaced readily) yields the desired fluoroalkane...
compound with the chemical formula C3H5F. The compound is a member of haloalkane family. The compound can be produced by reacting imidazolylidene cyclopropyl...
compound with the chemical formula C3H5I. The compound is a member of haloalkane family. The compound reacts with benzoxazole to produce 2-cyclopropylbenzoxazole...
Halon may refer to: Haloalkane, or halogenoalkane, a group of chemical compounds consisting of alkanes with linked halogens (in particular, bromine-containing...
compound with the chemical formula C3H5Cl. The compound is a member of haloalkane family. The compound can be obtained by photoreaction of cyclopropane...
counterpart to the hydrocarbon methane. It can also be classified as a haloalkane or halomethane. Tetrafluoromethane is a useful refrigerant but also a...
also referred to by the code numbers Halon 1211 and Freon 12B1, is a haloalkane with the chemical formula CF2ClBr. It is used for fire suppression, especially...
1,2-Dibromotetrafluoroethane (C2Br2F4) is a haloalkane. It is also known under codenames R-114B2 and Halon 2402. It is a colorless liquid with a boiling...
organobromine compound with the chemical formula C3H5Br. It is a member of haloalkane family. The compound can be obtained by treating silver cyclopropanecarboxylate...
is an organic compound with the chemical formula CH3Cl. One of the haloalkanes, it is a colorless, sweet-smelling, flammable gas. Methyl chloride is...
tropylium and triphenylmethyl cations and the cyclopentadienyl anion. Haloalkanes are a class of molecule that is defined by a carbon–halogen bond. This...
Bromoethane, also known as ethyl bromide, is a chemical compound of the haloalkanes group. It is abbreviated by chemists as EtBr (which is also used as an...
compounds used to kill fungis Furan – Heterocyclic organic compound,s Haloalkane – Group of chemical compounds derived from alkanes containing one or more...
halidohydrolase. Other names in common use include halogenase, haloalkane halidohydrolase, and haloalkane dehalogenase. Heppel LA, Porterfield VT (November 1948)...
lower atmosphere, there is much more chlorine from CFCs and related haloalkanes than there is in HCl from salt spray, and in the stratosphere halocarbons...
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