This article is about the chancellor of the State of Qi. For the geographic region, see Guanzhong. For the Republic of China politician, see John Kuan.
Guan Zhong 管仲
A Portrait of Guan Zhong from a segment of Wu family shrines stone-relief (on the right)
Born
720 BC
Yingshang County, Anhui
Died
645 BC (aged 75)
Shandong
Other names
Yiwu (夷吾)
Occupation(s)
Politician, philosopher
Notable work
Guanzi
Guan Zhong
Chinese
管仲
Transcriptions
Standard Mandarin
Hanyu Pinyin
Guǎn Zhòng
Wade–Giles
Kuan3 Chung4
IPA
[kwàn ʈʂʊ̂ŋ]
Yue: Cantonese
Yale Romanization
Gún Juhng
Jyutping
Gun2 Zung6
Southern Min
Tâi-lô
Kńg Tiōng
Old Chinese
Baxter–Sagart (2014)
*[k]ˤo[n]ʔN-truŋ-s
Guan Zhong (Chinese: 管仲; Wade–Giles: Kuan Chung; c. 720–645 BC) was a Chinese philosopher and politician. He served as chancellor and was a reformer of the State of Qi during the Spring and Autumn period of Chinese history.[1] His given name was Yiwu (Chinese: 夷吾; pinyin: Yíwú). Zhong was his courtesy name. He is mainly remembered for his reforms as chancellor under Duke Huan of Qi, as well as his friendship with his colleague Bao Shuya, though his reputation remained controversial among the Confucians,[2] as detailed in the Philosophy and appraisal section.
Through Guan Zhong's reforms and skilful diplomacy Qi became the most powerful of the feudal states and Duke Huan became the first of the Five Hegemons. Though knowledge of his reforms is limited, in particular he instituted a famous fiscal policy known as "balancing the light and the heavy", associated with salt and iron monopolies.[3] Though otherwise a diverse work, the Guanzi compilation making use of his name makes similar such recommendations.[4]
^Ebrey, Patricia; Walthall, Ann; Palais, James (2009). East Asia: A Cultural, Social, and Political History. Houghton Mifflin Harcourt. p. 22. ISBN 978-0-547-00534-8.
^Chŏng, Yag-yong (2016). The Analects of Dasan: A Korean Syncretic Reading. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-062499-6.
GuanZhong (Chinese: 管仲; Wade–Giles: Kuan Chung; c. 720–645 BC) was a Chinese philosopher and politician. He served as chancellor and was a reformer of...
fought each other for supremacy, Duke Huan and his long-time advisor GuanZhong managed to transform Qi into China's most powerful polity. Duke Huan was...
contemporary and friend of GuanZhong. Though an able administrator in his own right, Bao is best known for his friendship with Guan, and for persuading Duke...
wanted to appoint Huang Zhong as General of the Rear (後將軍), placing the latter on the same level as three other senior generals: Guan Yu, Zhang Fei and Ma...
dispatched Jiu's preceptor, GuanZhong, to lead troops to intercept Xiaobai along the road from Ju to Qi. Although Zhong managed to hit Xiaobai with an...
who would take Guǎn (管) as their lineage surname (氏). Lin Bao (林寶)'s Register of surnames of the Yuanhe reign states that GuanZhong (born Yiwu) descended...
the Renaissance and today.[failed verification] Classics Shang Yang, GuanZhong and Chanakya, widely discussed the power of state. Many other classics...
benevolence and education as tenets of being a ruler. He compared himself with GuanZhong, developing Shu's agriculture and industry to become a regional power...
the historical novel Romance of the Three Kingdoms refers Guan Yu, Zhang Fei, Huang Zhong, Ma Chao and Zhao Yun as the "Five Tiger Generals" of Shu Han...
him. Indeed, Duke Huan of Qi had wished to kill GuanZhong, but Bao Shuya convinced him that GuanZhong would be indispensable in order to achieve hegemony...
Zhou Bu Shang Chunyu Kun Confucius Deng Xi Duanmu Ci Gaozi Gongsun Long GuanZhong Han Fei Hui Shi Laozi Li Kui Li Si Lie Yukou Mencius Mozi Shang Yang Shen...
2134... Yáng Xiān, god of fate of the years 1955, 2015, 2075, 2135... GuǎnZhòng, god of fate of the years 1956, 2016, 2076, 2136... Táng Jié, god of fate...
Mozi (Mo Tzŭ), utilitarian and founder of the Mohist school. Lu Ban GuanZhong, whose reforms made him disparagingly identified as Legalist, but actual...
derived from the Legalist text Guanzi, attributed to the Qi philosopher GuanZhong, although it is unlikely he was the actual author. The Four Cardinal Principles...
identical standards of "correct" behavior in analogous situations. For GuanZhong (who seemingly originated the Fa concept) as for the Mohists, Fa provided...
BC—Death of King Ping of the Zhou Dynasty of China. c. 720 BC—Birth of GuanZhong, political adviser of Qi in eastern Ancient China. 鄢陵概况. 郑伯克段于鄢、晋楚鄢陵之战、唐雎不辱使命等事件均发生于此。...
his mother's name or the location of his birth.[citation needed] (Song Zhong says that his birthday, significantly, was on the first day of Zhengyue...
purple fabric was over five times that of plain fabric. His minister, GuanZhong (管仲), eventually convinced him to relinquish this preference. China was...
Lady Guan (Chinese: 關氏, pinyin: Guān Shì), referred to as Guan Yinping (Chinese: 關銀屏, pinyin: Guān Yínpíng) in folktales, was a Chinese noblewoman from...
Chiang's determination to have Stilwell recalled to the US. According to GuanZhong, the president of the Examination Yuan, Stilwell had once expressed his...
of Lü Buwei Tang Code Huang-Lao Huangdi Sijing Huainanzi Early figures GuanZhong Zichan Deng Xi Marquess Wen of Wei Li Kui Wu Qi Founding figures Shen...
block Guan Yu's retreat route. Guan Yu, along with his son Guan Ping and subordinate Zhao Lei (趙累), were captured alive by Pan Zhang's deputy Ma Zhong (馬忠)...
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