G. monumentensis skeleton in the Natural History Museum of Utah
Scientific classification
Domain:
Eukaryota
Kingdom:
Animalia
Phylum:
Chordata
Clade:
Dinosauria
Clade:
†Ornithischia
Clade:
†Ornithopoda
Family:
†Hadrosauridae
Subfamily:
†Saurolophinae
Tribe:
†Kritosaurini
Genus:
†Gryposaurus
Type species
†Gryposaurus notabilis
Lambe, 1914
Species
†G. notabilis Lambe, 1914
†G. latidens Horner, 1992
†G. monumentensis Gates & Sampson, 2007
†G. alsatei? Lehman, Wick, Wagner, 2016
Synonyms
Hadrosauravus (nomen nudum) Lambert, 1990
Gryposaurus (meaning "hooked-nosed (Greek grypos) lizard";[1] sometimes incorrectly translated as "griffin (Latin gryphus) lizard"[2]) was a genus of duckbilled dinosaur that lived about 80 to 75 million years ago, in the Late Cretaceous (late Santonian to late Campanian stages) of North America. Named species of Gryposaurus are known from the Dinosaur Park Formation in Alberta, Canada, and two formations in the United States: the Lower Two Medicine Formation in Montana and the Kaiparowits Formation of Utah. A possible additional species from the Javelina Formation in Texas may extend the temporal range of the genus to 66 million years ago.
Gryposaurus is similar to Kritosaurus, and for many years the two were thought to be synonyms. It is known from numerous skulls, some skeletons, and even some skin impressions that show it to have had pyramidal scales projecting along the midline of the back. It is most easily distinguished from other duckbills by its narrow arching nasal hump, sometimes described as similar to a "Roman nose,"[1] and which may have been used for species or sexual identification, and/or combat with individuals of the same species. A large bipedal/quadrupedal herbivore around 8 meters (26 feet) long, it may have preferred river settings.
^ abCreisler, Benjamin S. (2007). "Deciphering duckbills". In Carpenter, Kenneth (ed.). Horns and Beaks: Ceratopsian and Ornithopod Dinosaurs. Bloomington and Indianapolis: Indiana University Press. pp. 185–210. ISBN 978-0-253-34817-3.
^Glut, Donald F. (1997). "Gryposaurus". Dinosaurs: The Encyclopedia. Jefferson, North Carolina: McFarland & Co. pp. 445–448. ISBN 978-0-89950-917-4.
Park Formation as Kritosaurus incurvimanus, not Gryposaurus incurvimanus (although he left Gryposaurus notabilis in its own genus). Direct comparison between...
It is likely a close relative of Gryposaurus, and indeed some have suggested that it falls within the genus Gryposaurus, as the phylogenetic analysis indicates...
Four years later, Canadian paleontologist Lawrence Lambe would name Gryposaurus. The similarity between the two taxa was immediately recognized, and...
the previous reconstruction and gave it a Gryposaurus-like arched nasal crest. He also synonymized Gryposaurus with Kritosaurus, a move supported by Charles...
than was earlier known. The discovery of an additional hadrosaurid, Gryposaurus latidens, in the same range as Maiasaura has shown that the border between...
1961, pulling on data from Edmontosaurus regalis, E. annectens, and Gryposaurus notabilis (then considered a synonym of Kritosaurus). Though still obviously...
not, instead finding it closer to Brachylophosaurus, Edmontosaurus, Gryposaurus, and Maiasaura. In 1918, Lawrence Lambe revised the classifications of...
Chasmosaurus, and Styracosaurus; ornithomimids Struthiomimus; fellow duckbills Gryposaurus and Corythosaurus; tyrannosaurids Gorgosaurus and Daspletosaurus; and...
recreated Hadrosaurus with skulls from other, related species such as Gryposaurus and Brachylophosaurus. A statue of Hadrosaurus, sculpted by Haddonfield...
hollow crests. Other members of the group include Brachylophosaurus, Gryposaurus, Lophorhothon, Maiasaura, Naashoibitosaurus, Prosaurolophus, and Saurolophus...
defined as "the most inclusive clade containing Huallasaurus but not Gryposaurus". The results of their phylogenetic analyses of Saurolophinae are displayed...
As recently as 2007, the characterization of an unusual species of Gryposaurus, a duck-billed dinosaur, was announced. Fossils of the giant crocodilian...
bone bed in Wyoming, an Edmontosaurus regalis bone bed in Alberta, a Gryposaurus bone bed in the Oldman Formation, a Pachyrhinosaurus bone bed in the...
of a species of Edmontosaurus, Kritosaurus and a possible species of Gryposaurus, the nodosaur Glyptodontopelta, the oviraptorid Ojoraptosaurus, possible...
Kritosaurus incurvimanus, which is now considered a more recent synonym of Gryposaurus notabilis. Due to its importance, the skeleton was given the informal...
near Steveville in Alberta, and which was at first thought to belong to Gryposaurus (or Kritosaurus as it was known at the time). The type species is Brachylophosaurus...
notable integument has also been found on Brachylophosaurus canadensis, Gryposaurus notabilis, Parasaurolophus walkeri, Lambeosaurus magnicristatus, L. lambei...
insectivorans. Recent finds include large specimens of the duckbill Gryposaurus, including the species G. monumentensis, and the first described remains...
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