Government of the Third Republic of France from 1870–1871
For the Greek government with the same name, see Provisional Government of National Defence.
Government of National Defense
1st Government of the French Third Republic
Members of the Government of National Defense
Date formed
4 September 1870 (1870-09-04)
Date dissolved
13 February 1871 (1871-02-13)
History
Predecessor
Cousin-Montauban
Successor
Dufaure I
The Government of National Defense (French: Gouvernement de la Défense nationale) was the first government of the Third Republic of France from 4 September 1870 to 13 February 1871 during the Franco-Prussian War. It was formed after the proclamation of the Republic in Paris on 4 September, which in turn followed the surrender and capture of Emperor Napoleon III by the Prussians at the Battle of Sedan. The government, headed by General Louis Jules Trochu, was under Prussian siege in Paris. Breakouts were attempted twice, but met with disaster and rising dissatisfaction of the public. In late January the government, having further enraged the population of Paris by crushing a revolutionary uprising, surrendered to the Prussians. Two weeks later, it was replaced by the new government of Adolphe Thiers, which soon passed a variety of financial laws in an attempt to pay reparations and thus oblige the Prussians to leave France, leading to the outbreak of revolutions in French cities, and the ultimate creation of the Paris Commune.
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