Giovanni Gentile information

Giovanni Gentile
Giovanni Gentile
	Gentile, 1930s
President of the Royal Academy of Italy
	In office; 25 July 1943 – 15 April 1944
Monarch	Victor Emmanuel III
Preceded by	Luigi Federzoni
Succeeded by	Giotto Dainelli Dolfi
Minister of Public Education
	In office; 31 October 1922 – 1 July 1924
Prime Minister	Benito Mussolini
Preceded by	Antonino Anile
Succeeded by	Alessandro Casati
Member of the Senate of the Kingdom
	In office; 5 November 1922 – 5 August 1943
Appointed by	Victor Emmanuel III
Personal details
Born	30 May 1875; Castelvetrano, Kingdom of Italy
Died	15 April 1944 (aged 68); Florence, RSI
Resting place	Santa Croce, ; Florence, Italy
Political party	National Fascist Party; (1923–1943)
Height	1.84 m (6 ft 0 in)
Spouse	Erminia Nudi (m. 1901)
Children	6, including Federico Gentile
Alma mater	Scuola Normale Superiore; University of Florence
Profession	Philosopher, politician, pedagogue
Signature
	Philosophy career
Notable work	Gentile Reform; The Doctrine of Fascism; Manifesto of the Fascist Intellectuals;
Era	20th-century philosophy
Region	Western philosophy
School	Neo-Hegelianism
Main interests	Metaphysics, dialectics, pedagogy
Notable ideas	Actual idealism, fascism, immanentism (method of immanence)

Giovanni Gentile (Italian: [dʒoˈvanni dʒenˈtiːle]; 30 May 1875 – 15 April 1944) was an Italian philosopher, fascist politician, and pedagogue.

He, alongside Benedetto Croce, was one of the major exponents of Italian idealism in Italian philosophy, and also devised his own system of thought, which he called "actual idealism" or "actualism", which has been described as "the subjective extreme of the idealist tradition".

Described by himself and by Benito Mussolini as the "philosopher of fascism", he was influential in providing an intellectual foundation for Italian fascism, notably through writing the 1925 Manifesto of the Fascist Intellectuals, and part of the 1932 "The Doctrine of Fascism" with Mussolini. As Minister for Public Education, he introduced in 1923 the so-called Gentile Reform, which would last in some capacity until 1962. He also helped found the Institute of the Italian Encyclopedia with Giovanni Treccani, and was its first editor.

Though his political influence waned as Mussolini sought the alliance of the Catholic Church in the late 1920s, which conflicted with Gentile's secularism, he remained a faithful Fascist, even after the 1943 armistice with the Allies, and followed Mussolini into the Italian Social Republic. He was eventually assassinated in 1944 by partisans of the Italian resistance.

^ ^a ^b Gregor, 2001, p. 1.
^ Gentile's so-called method of immanence "attempted to avoid: (1) the postulate of an independently existing world or a Kantian Ding-an-sich (thing-in-itself), and (2) the tendency of neo-Hegelian philosophy to lose the particular self in an Absolute that amounts to a kind of mystical reality without distinctions" (M. E. Moss, Mussolini's Fascist Philosopher: Giovanni Gentile Reconsidered, Peter Lang, p. 7).

[Gregor-1] Gregor, 2001, p. 1.

[2] Gentile's so-called method of immanence "attempted to avoid: (1) the postulate of an independently existing world or a Kantian Ding-an-sich (thing-in-itself), and (2) the tendency of neo-Hegelian philosophy to lose the particular self in an Absolute that amounts to a kind of mystical reality without distinctions" (M. E. Moss, Mussolini's Fascist Philosopher: Giovanni Gentile Reconsidered, Peter Lang, p. 7).

Giovanni Gentile information

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Benedetto Croce

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Giovanni Gentile
Gentile, 1930s

President of the Royal Academy of Italy
In office 25 July 1943 – 15 April 1944
Monarch	Victor Emmanuel III
Preceded by	Luigi Federzoni
Succeeded by	Giotto Dainelli Dolfi
Minister of Public Education
In office 31 October 1922 – 1 July 1924
Prime Minister	Benito Mussolini
Preceded by	Antonino Anile
Succeeded by	Alessandro Casati
Member of the Senate of the Kingdom
In office 5 November 1922 – 5 August 1943
Appointed by	Victor Emmanuel III

Personal details
Born	(1875-05-30)30 May 1875 Castelvetrano, Kingdom of Italy
Died	15 April 1944(1944-04-15) (aged 68) Florence, RSI
Resting place	Santa Croce, Florence, Italy
Political party	National Fascist Party (1923–1943)
Height	1.84 m (6 ft 0 in)
Spouse	Erminia Nudi (m. 1901)
Children	6, including Federico Gentile
Alma mater	Scuola Normale Superiore^[1] University of Florence^[1]
Profession	Philosopher, politician, pedagogue
Signature
Philosophy career
Notable work	Gentile Reform The Doctrine of Fascism Manifesto of the Fascist Intellectuals

Era	20th-century philosophy
Region	Western philosophy
School	Neo-Hegelianism
Main interests	Metaphysics, dialectics, pedagogy
Notable ideas	Actual idealism, fascism, immanentism (method of immanence)^[2]

Hegelianism
Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel
Forerunners
Aristotle Böhme Spinoza Rousseau Kant Goethe Fichte Hölderlin Schelling
Principal works
The Phenomenology of Spirit The Science of Logic Encyclopedia of the Philosophical Sciences Elements of the Philosophy of Right
Schools
Absolute idealism British idealism German idealism
Related topics
Right Hegelians Young Hegelians
Related categories
Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel
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