The Garifuna people (/ˌɡɑːriːˈfuːnə/GAR-i-Fu-na[3][4] or Spanish pronunciation:[ɡa'ɾifuna]; pl. Garínagu[5] in Garifuna)[a] are a people of mixed free African and Amerindian ancestry that originated in the Caribbean island of Saint Vincent and speak Garifuna, an Arawakan language, and Vincentian Creole.
The Garifuna are the descendants of indigenous Arawak, Kalinago (Island Carib), and Afro-Caribbean people. The founding population of the Central American diaspora, estimated at 2,500 to 5,000 persons, were transplanted to the Central American coast[where?] from the British West Indies island of Saint Vincent,[7] which was known to the Garinagu as Yurumein,[8] in the Windward Islands of the Lesser Antilles. Small Garifuna communities still live in Saint Vincent and the Grenadines. The Garifuna diaspora abroad includes communities in Honduras, in the United States, and in Belize.
^ abcdefAgudelo, Carlos (2011). "Los garifunas, identidades y reivindicaciones de un pueblo afrodescendiente de América Central". Afrodescendencia: Aproximaciones contemporáneas desde América Latina y el Caribe(PDF) (in Spanish). pp. 59–66. Archived from the original (PDF) on 18 August 2016. Retrieved 1 March 2021.
^Crawford, Michael H. (1984). "Problems and Hypotheses: An Introduction". In Crawford, Michael H. (ed.). Current Developments in Anthropological Genetics. Black Caribs A Case Study in Biocultural Adaptation. Vol. 3. Springer-Verlag. pp. 1–9. doi:10.1007/978-1-4613-2649-6. ISBN 978-1-4613-2649-6. S2CID 46373360.
^"Garifuna". Lexico UK English Dictionary. Oxford University Press. Archived from the original on 1 February 2020.
^"Garifuna". Merriam-Webster.com Dictionary. Retrieved 22 August 2018.
^Remembering How Anthony Bourdain Advocated for Latinos Published June 8, 2018, retrieved June 15, 2018
^Haurholm-Larsen, Steffen (22 September 2016). A Grammar of Garifuna(PDF) (PhD). University of Bern. p. 6.
^Crawford, MH; Gonzalez, NL; Schanfield, MS; Dykes, DD; Skradski, K; Polesky, HF (February 1981). "The Black Caribs (Garifuna) of Livingston, Guatemala: Genetic Markers and Admixture Estimates". Human Biology. 53 (1): 87–103. JSTOR 41464596. PMID 7239494.
^Raussert, Wilfried (6 January 2017). The Routledge Companion to Inter-American Studies. Taylor & Francis. p. 390. ISBN 978-1-317-29065-0.
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The Garifuna people (/ˌɡɑːriːˈfuːnə/ GAR-i-Fu-na or Spanish pronunciation: [ɡa'ɾifuna]; pl. Garínagu in Garifuna) are a people of mixed free African and...
Garifuna (Karif) is a minority language widely spoken in villages of Garifuna people in the western part of the northern coast of Central America. It...
The garifuna drum is a membranophone percussion instrument from the Garifuna culture in Belize, Guatemala and Honduras. The garifuna drums play a very...
Garifuna music is an ethnic music and dance with African, Arawak, and Kalinago elements, originating with the Afro-Indigenous Garifuna people from Central...
Garifuna Americans or Black Carib Americans are Americans of African, Arawak, and Kalinago ancestry that originated in the Caribbean island of Saint Vincent...
continue to live in the Antilles, notably on the island of Dominica. The Garifuna, who share common ancestry with the Kalinago, also live principally in...
and Garifuna, an Arawakan language spoken on the Caribbean coast. According to the Language Law of 2003, the languages of Mayas, Xincas, and Garifunas are...
ISBN 978-0470887707. Garifuna Heritage Foundation Garífuna life in Belize from the BBC News What about Garifuna Settlement Day? on mybelize.net GarifunasGarifuna Settlement...
Punta is an Afro-indigenous dance and cultural music of the Garifuna originating prior to their exile to Roatan from the Caribbean island of Saint Vincent...
song of the year. In 2011 Michel relocated to Belize to record with The Garifuna Collective, an Afro-Amerindian cultural group, on the album Black Birds...
the descendants of the West Indian islands. Another large group are the Garífuna, descendants of an Afro-Carib population which revolted against British...
The music of Belize has a mix of Creole, Mestizo, Garìfuna, Mayan and European influences. After many centuries of Maya habitation, British colonizers...
Garifuna in Peril is a low-budget independent fiction docufiction feature film directed, written, and produced by Alí Allié and Rubén Reyes. The film depicts...
indigenous-African mixed groups have developed: the Miskito and the Garifuna. The Garifuna originated from the combination of Africans who were shipwrecked...
it is also known as the 9 nights ceremony) practiced by the Garifuna people. The Garifuna is a small-to-medium-sized Central American ethnic group that...
the population is Xinca (mesoamerican), and 0.1% of the population is Garifuna (African/Carib mix). "However, indigenous rights activists put the indigenous...
pottery. The Garífuna of Honduras come from the Lesser Antilles and more specifically from the island of San Vicente. From this place, the Garífunas were deported...
peace between the British and the Garifuna led to the Second Carib War, which lasted from 1795 to 1797. The Garifuna were led by paramount chief Joseph...
The National Garifuna Council (NGC) of Belize is a non-governmental organization that represents the Garifuna people of Belize. It was established in 1981...
of the world's best dive locations. The people of Utila are of African (Garifuna), English and Dutch descent. Since 2013 the entire island and its cays...
the only pink boas in the world. The only inhabitants of the islands are Garifuna fishing villages (Chachahuete and East End), nine private homes on Cayo...
peoples, eventually evolves into separate creole cultures such as the later Garifuna and the Mascogos. Maroon, which can have a more general sense of being...
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