ITU-T G.984[1] is the series of standards for implementing a gigabit-capable passive optical network (GPON). It is commonly used to implement the outermost link to the customer (last kilometre or last mile) of fibre-to-the-premises (FTTP) services.[2][3]
GPON puts requirements on the optical medium and the hardware used to access it, and defines the manner in which Ethernet frames are converted to an optical signal, as well as the parameters of that signal. The bandwidth of the single connection between the OLT (optical line termination) and the ONTs (optical network terminals) is 2.4Gbit/s down, 1.2Gbit/s up, or rarely symmetric 2.4Gbit/s,[1] shared between up to 128 ONTs using a time-division multiple access (TDMA) protocol, which the standard defines.[4] GPON specifies protocols for error correction (Reed–Solomon) and encryption (AES), and defines a protocol for line control (OMCI) which includes authentication (LOID, serial number and/or password).
The exact kind of fibre cable and connectors to use is undefined.[5]
The primary optical transmitter, known as the optical line terminal (OLT), is housed within the central office of the telecommunications operator. A laser in the OLT injects photons from the central office into a glass-and-plastic fiber-optic cable that terminates at a passive optical splitter. The splitter divides the single signal from the central office into many signals that can be sent to up to 64 consumers. The number of consumers serviced by a single laser is determined by the operator's engineering criteria; operators may opt to reduce the number to 32 consumers.[6][7] Furthermore, the operator may choose to divide the signal twice, for example, once into eight and again farther down the line. The maximum distance between the central office and the site can be 20 kilometers, however operators will normally limit it to 16 kilometers in order to maintain a high level of service.
In contrast to ADSL technology, which deteriorates as the distance between the central office and the household rises, with severe signal loss beyond 3km, all customers may enjoy high-speed network access within the 16km range of a fibre central office.[8]
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"G.984.1 : Gigabit-capable Passive Optical Networks (GPON): General characteristics". ITU-T. 2003–2012.
^"Review of Bell Fibe Internet". DSL Reports. 2018-04-12.
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Bode, Karl (2008-03-13). "AT&T, Verizon Get Their GPON On". DSL Reports.
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^"How does a Gigabit Passive Optical Network (GPON) work?". European Investment Bank. Retrieved 2021-06-07.
of standards for implementing a gigabit-capable passive optical network (GPON). It is commonly used to implement the outermost link to the customer (last...
respectively. GPON networks have now been deployed in numerous networks across the globe, and the trends indicate higher growth in GPON than other PON...
applications. Tejas Networks also supplies GPON equipment to private telecom operators in India. Tejas' GPON solution has been deployed in BharatNet, it...
areas, are made in India by C-DOT with no involvement of foreign companies. GPON products (see below) supplied by United Telecoms Limited (UTL) which are...
Union, Annex (Geneva, 1992) "How does a Gigabit Passive Optical Network (GPON) work?". European Investment Bank. Archived from the original on 7 June 2021...
products including manufactured products like Gigabit Passive Optical Network (GPON), Managed Leased Line Network (MLLN) products, Stand Alone Signaling Transfer...
Simon 2015. "South Asia's largest mall, Lucky One selects LMKT to deploy GPON Solution – LMKT". LMKT. 18 January 2016. Archived from the original on 8...
multi-channel NG-PON2. It provides upgrade paths for legacy PON generations such as GPON, XG-PON, XGS-PON, and 10G-EPON. Following the publication of 40 Gbps NG-PON2...
February 2014, United Telecoms Limited the technology licensee of CDOT had won GPON order from BBNL to a value of Rs 1000 Cr approximately. This is the biggest...
optical network). Examples of fiber optic internet access standards are G.984 (GPON, G-PON) and 10G-PON (XG-PON). ISPs may instead use Metro Ethernet as a replacement...
types of optical fibre use a passive optical network subscriber loop such as GPON, with the edge device connecting to Ethernet for backhaul (telecommunications)...
network in Romania and Hungary in 2006. Then followed the implementation of GPON in 2008, covering the houses as well. In 2013 started replacing FFTB with...
threshold of 2 Mbit/s. Currently, deployed fibre technology is predominantly by GPON is Openserve, Vumatel, Frogfoot networks and Octotel. There is no central...
Regional backhaul network International networks Access networks (FTTB, GPON) In April 2017, Rostelecom (AS12389) originated 50 prefixes for numerous...
across multiple transport technologies, including Ethernet over SONET, WDM, GPON, DSL, and WiMax. Over the next decade, the technology became mainstream....
Naperville, Illinois), which continued as Coriant. Later, the telco and GPON related components of the company were spun back out as a new company, also...
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