This article is about the material. For other uses, see Glare.
A component view of a Glare3-3/2 hybrid sheet. There are three layers of aluminum alternating with two layers of glass fiber. In a Glare3 grade, each glass fiber layer has two plies: one oriented at zero degrees, and the other oriented at ninety degrees.
Glare (derived from GLAss REinforced laminate [1]) is a fiber metal laminate (FML) composed of several very thin layers of metal (usually aluminum) interspersed with layers of S-2 glass-fiber pre-preg, bonded together with a matrix such as epoxy. The uni-directional pre-preg layers may be aligned in different directions to suit predicted stress conditions.
Though Glare is a composite material,[2] its material properties and fabrication are very similar to bulk aluminum sheets. It has far less in common with composite structures when it comes to design, manufacture, inspection, or maintenance. Glare parts are constructed and repaired using mostly conventional metal working techniques.
Its major advantages over conventional aluminum are:[3]
Better "damage tolerance" behavior, especially in impact and metal fatigue. Since the elastic strain is larger than other metal materials[citation needed], it can consume more impact energy. It is dented more easily but has a higher penetration resistance.
Better corrosion resistance.
Better fire resistance.
Lower specific weight.
Furthermore, the material can be tailored during design and manufacture so that the number, type and alignment of layers can suit the local stresses and shapes throughout the aircraft. This allows the production of double-curved sections, complex integrated panels, or very large sheets.
While a simple manufactured sheet of Glare is three to ten times more expensive than an equivalent sheet of aluminum,[4] considerable production savings can be made using the aforementioned optimization. A structure built with Glare is lighter and less complex than an equivalent metal structure, requires less inspection and maintenance, and has a longer lifetime-till failure. These characteristics can make Glare cheaper, lighter, and safer to use in the long run.
^A. Vlot, Glare - The History of the Development of a New Aircraft Material, p.90, Dordrecht: Kluwer, 2001
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