First American emergency medical service staffed by paramedics
Freedom House Ambulance Service
Successor
Pittsburgh Bureau of Emergency Medical Services
Established
1967; 57 years ago (1967)
Founders
Phil Hallen, Dr. Peter Safar
Founded at
Hill District (Pittsburgh)
Defunct
October 15, 1975; 48 years ago (1975-10-15)
Purpose
humanitarian
Location
Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States
Products
Ambulance design, later adopted by the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration
Services
Paramedics staffed emergency medical services
Medical Director
Dr. Nancy Caroline
Key people
Dr. Ron Stewart, Dr. Paul Paris
Parent organization
Freedom House Enterprises
Affiliations
The Maurice Falk Medical Fund
Freedom House Ambulance Service was the first emergency medical service in the United States to be staffed by paramedics with medical training beyond basic first aid.[1][2] Founded in 1967 to serve the predominantly black Hill District of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, it was staffed entirely by African Americans.[3][4] Freedom House Ambulance Service broke medical ground by training its personnel to previously unheard-of standards of emergency medical care for patients en route to hospitals.[3][5][6] The paramedic training and ambulance design standards pioneered in the Freedom House Ambulance Service would set the standard for emergency care nationally and even internationally.[2][5] Despite its successes, the ambulance service was closed eight years after it began operating.[5]
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