Fort Wolters was a United States military installation four miles northeast of Mineral Wells, Texas.
The fort was originally named Camp Wolters in honor of Brigadier General Jacob F. Wolters, commander of the 56th Cavalry Brigade of the National Guard, which used the area as a summer training ground.[1] It was an Army camp from 1925 until 1946.
During World War II, Camp Wolters was at one time the largest infantry replacement training center in the United States. It was commanded by Major General Bruce Magruder.[2] Camp Wolters also served as a German POW camp during the war.[3]
Two of the most famous enlisted infantrymen of the war underwent basic training at Camp Wolters:
Audie Murphy completed basic training at Camp Wolters. At the age of 19, Murphy received the Medal of Honor after single-handedly holding off an entire company of German soldiers for an hour at the Colmar Pocket in France in January 1945, then leading a successful counterattack while wounded and out of ammunition. He would become one of the most decorated American combat soldiers of the war, receiving every military combat award for valor available from the U.S. Army, as well as French and Belgian awards for heroism.
Eddie Slovik arrived at Camp Wolters for basic training on January 24, 1944. After completing his training, he was sent to France as a replacement. Slovik was convicted of desertion in November 1944, and, on 31 January 1945, became the first member of the U.S. military since the American Civil War to be executed for desertion.[4]
After the war, the camp was deactivated and purchased for private use. Due to rising tensions in the Cold War, the site was reactivated as Wolters Air Force Base in 1951.[1]
^ abMinor, Daviv. "Fort Wolters". Texas State Historical Association. Texas State Historical Association (TSHA). Retrieved 3 May 2023.
^Glenn, Justin (2014). The Washingtons: A Family History. Vol. 6, Part One. El Dorado Hills, CA: Savas Publishing. pp. 105, 108. ISBN 978-1-9406-6931-1 – via Google Books.
^Krammer, Arnold (1979). Nazi Prisoners of War in America. New York: Stein and Day. p. 269. ISBN 0812825713.
^"The Execution of Private Eddie D. Slovik". World War II Today. n.d. Archived from the original on 16 March 2015. Retrieved 1 July 2015.
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