Fort San Carlos was a military structure built in 1816 to defend the Spanish colonial town of Fernandina, Florida, now called Old Town, which occupied a peninsula on the northern end of Amelia Island. The fort, a lunette fortification,[1] stood on the southwest side of the town next to the harbor, on a bluff overlooking the Amelia River. It was made of wood and earthworks, backed with a wooden palisade on the east side, and armed with an eight or ten gun battery. Two blockhouses protected access by land on the south, while the village was surrounded with military pickets. An 1821 map of Fernandina shows that the street plan, laid out in 1811 in a grid pattern by the newly appointed Surveyor General of Spanish East Florida, George J. F. Clarke, today preserves nearly the same layout as that of 1821. The fort occupied the area bounded by the streets Calle de Estrada, Calle de White, and Calle de Someruelos. The structure itself has disappeared and only traces remain in what is now Fernandina Plaza Historic State Park.
The park contains the largest known undeveloped portion of the site of Spanish municipal and military activity on Amelia Island dating from the late 1780s. Archaeological investigations, starting in the early 1950s, revealed intermittent occupation and use of the area for as long as 4,000 years, beginning in the Orange period (2000–500 BC) and continuing to this day.[2] A Spanish sentinel house was built in 1696 at the Timuqua village located there.[3] Nearly all of Old Town was built on this Indian village and its shell heaps.[4] In later colonial times the site gained military importance because of its deep harbor and its strategic location near the northern boundary of Spanish Florida.
^John W. Griffin; Patricia C. Griffin (1996). Fifty Years of Southeastern Archaeology: Selected Works of John W. Griffin. University Press of Florida. p. 22. ISBN 978-0-8130-1420-3.
^Ripley P. Bullen; John W. Griffin (December 1952). "An Archaeological Survey of Amelia Island, Florida". Florida Anthropologist. 5 (3–4). Gainesville: Florida Anthropological Society: 37. ISSN 0015-3893. Retrieved 27 June 2013.
^Notes in Anthropology. University Presses of Florida. 1965. pp. 4–5. Retrieved 27 June 2013.
^Hale G. Smith; Ripley P. Bullen. "Fort San Carlos". Tallahassee: Department of Anthropology Florida State University. p. 49. Retrieved 27 June 2013.
FortSanCarlos was a military structure built in 1816 to defend the Spanish colonial town of Fernandina, Florida, now called Old Town, which occupied...
Fort Barrancas (1839) or FortSanCarlos de Barrancas (from 1787) is a United States military fort and National Historic Landmark in the former Warrington...
The Bombardment of FortSanCarlos occurred during the Venezuelan Crisis on January 17, 1903, when two warships of the Imperial German Navy tried to penetrate...
in the area of Fort Barrancas at modern-day Naval Air Station Pensacola, in northwestern Florida. The presidio included FortSanCarlos de Austria and...
as Plaza SanCarlos was the plaza ground in front of the Spanish FortSanCarlos, which is no longer in existence. Today the Plaza SanCarlos is maintained...
The Fort of San Diego (Spanish: Fuerte de San Diego), formerly also known as the Fort of SanCarlos (Spanish: Fuerte de SanCarlos) is a star fort in Acapulco...
Fort St. Andrews Fort St. Francis de Pupa FortSanCarlos, Fernandina Beach, Second Spanish rule FortSan Lucia FortSan Luis de Apalachee FortSan Marcos...
SanCarlos de la Barra Fortress is a 17th-century star fort protecting Lake Maracaibo in Venezuela. The SanCarlos de la Barra fort is one of a number...
consisted of, and raised the Green Cross of Florida flag over the Spanish FortSanCarlos. Starting with the American Revolution, Florida was sought after by...
The SanCarlos Apache Indian Reservation (Western Apache: Tsékʼáádn), in southeastern Arizona, United States, was established in 1872 as a reservation...
European settlement (Presidio Santa Maria de Galve) and the first fort (FortSanCarlos de Austria) were founded at the site of present-day Pensacola. He...
Spanish built the wooden FortSanCarlos de Austria on this bluff in 1697–1698. Although besieged by Indians in 1707, the fort was not taken. Spain was...
participated in the Venezuelan crisis of 1902–1903, where she bombarded FortSanCarlos. Long since obsolete by the outbreak of World War I, the five Victoria...
SanCarlos de Borromeo Fortress (Spanish: Castillo SanCarlos de Borromeo) is a colonial fortress in the Bay of Pampatar in the northeast of Isla Margarita...
Mission SanCarlos Borromeo del Río Carmelo, or Misión de SanCarlos Borromeo de Carmelo, first built in 1797, is one of the most authentically restored...
Rouge, Louisiana. The Spanish took control of the fort in 1779 and renamed it FortSanCarlos. The fort was built by Lieutenant-Colonel Alexander Dickson...
troops to shell Fort Richmond; the British surrendered the next day. The Spanish garrisoned the fortification and renamedit as FortSanCarlos. The reconstruction...