Naval guns in the old Fortress of Villegagnon, in 1898
Fort Coligny was a fortress founded by Nicolas Durand de Villegaignon in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil in 1555, in what constituted the so-called France Antarctique historical episode.
For protection against attacks by hostile Indians and the Portuguese, Villegaignon built the fortress with the help of the 500 colonists who travelled with him in two ships armed by the king of France, on a small island called Serigipe by the Indians of the region, near the mouth of the large Guanabara Bay. The island was rocky and almost barren, but served Villegaignon's purpose of being near the shore, at the same time achieving a good defensive position against attacks from sea and land.
The fortress fell and was destroyed on March 17, 1560, under the siege of Portugal's navy and troops under the command of Mem de Sá, third Governor-General of Brazil.[1] Villegaignon had already returned to France, in 1558.
The fortress was named as such in honor of Villegaignon's supporter and friend, the French Admiral and leader of the Huguenots, Gaspard de Coligny. After the foundation of Rio de Janeiro in 1565 by Estácio de Sá and the expulsion of the French in 1567 a new fortress was built there by the Portuguese, in order to defend the mouth of the Guanabara Bay, by crossing fire with two other fortresses, Guajará and Santa Cruz. This fortress was almost totally destroyed by bombardment in a revolt of the Navy, in 1893. Today, the island, which was renamed Island of Villegaignon, is home to the Naval School since 1938, and is now permanently connected to the continent, near the Santos Dumont Airport.[2]
^David Marley (2008). Wars of the Americas: A Chronology of Armed Conflict in the Western Hemisphere, 1492 to the Present. ABC-CLIO. p. 90. ISBN 978-1-59884-100-8. Retrieved 19 May 2013.
^"Fortalezas.org > Fortification > Fortaleza de São Francisco Xavier da ilha de Villegagnon". fortalezas.org (in Portuguese). Retrieved 2021-05-29.
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admiral Nicolas Durand de Villegaignon. Consequently, Villegagnon built FortColigny on the island when attempting to establish the France Antarctique colony...
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Grim, Man-eating People in the New World, America"). 1560 17 March FortColigny on Villegagnon Island in Rio de Janeiro is attacked and destroyed during...
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Villegaignon, whose troops occupied the island in 1555, consequently building FortColigny on the island when attempting to establish the France Antarctique colony...
near modern-day Rio de Janeiro in Brazil at Guanabara Bay, and builds FortColigny. November 13 – Thomas Cranmer is officially removed from office as the...
submitting their respective prisoners to the worst abuse. The colony of FortColigny, built by Villegaignon and his nephew Legendre de Boissy on the Villegaignon...
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