Qin, known as the Former Qin and Fu Qin (苻秦) in historiography,[4] was a dynastic state of China ruled by the Fu (Pu) clan of the Di peoples during the Sixteen Kingdoms period. Founded in the wake of the Later Zhao dynasty's collapse in 351, it completed the unification of northern China in 376 during the reign of Fu Jiān (Emperor Xuanzhao), being the only state of the Sixteen Kingdoms to achieve so.[5] Its capital was Chang'an up to Fu Jiān's death in 385. The adjectival prefix "former" is used to distinguish it from the "Later Qin dynasty" (384–417).
In 383, the severe defeat of the Former Qin by the Jin dynasty at the Battle of Fei River encouraged uprisings, splitting Former Qin territory into two noncontiguous pieces after the death of Fu Jiān. One remnant, at present-day Taiyuan, Shanxi was soon overwhelmed in 386 by the Xianbei under the Later Yan, Western Yan and the Dingling. The other struggled in greatly reduced territories around the border of present-day Shaanxi and Gansu until its final disintegration in 394 following years of invasions by Western Qin and Later Qin.
All rulers of Former Qin proclaimed themselves "Emperor", except for Fu Jiān who only claimed the title "Heavenly King" (Tian Wang). He was nonetheless posthumously considered an emperor by the Former Qin imperial court.
^ ab"中央研究院". 中央研究院.
^Zizhi Tongjian, vol. 99.
^Zizhi Tongjian, vol. 106.
^徐俊 (November 2000). 中国古代王朝和政权名号探源. Wuchang, Hubei: 华中师范大学出版社. pp. 107–109. ISBN 7-5622-2277-0.
^Grousset, Rene (1970). The Empire of the Steppes. Rutgers University Press. pp. 58–59. ISBN 0-8135-1304-9.
Qin, known as the FormerQin and Fu Qin (苻秦) in historiography, was a dynastic state of China ruled by the Fu (Pu) clan of the Di peoples during the Sixteen...
Qin (Chinese: 秦王子嬰; pinyin: Qín-wáng Zǐyīng, died c.January 206 BC) was the third and last ruler of the Qin dynasty. He ruled over a fragmented Qin Empire...
Qin may refer to: Qin (state) (秦), a major state during the Zhou Dynasty of ancient China Qin dynasty (秦), founded by the Qin state in 221 BC and ended...
Three Qins", to be the start of the FormerQin. Accordingly, the FormerQin was founded by the Emperor Huiwu of FormerQin and lasted 44 years. As Lan Han...
Ziying in 206 BC. After the fall of the Qin, Xiang Yu, as the de facto chief of the rebels, divided the formerQin empire into the Eighteen Kingdoms, with...
the five Liangs (Former, Later, Northern, Southern and Western), four Yans (Former, Later, Northern, and Southern), three Qins (Former, Later and Western)...
The Qin dynasty (/tʃɪn/) was the first dynasty of Imperial China. It is named for its progenitor state of Qin, which was a fief of the confederal Zhou...
Qin Shi Huang (Chinese: 秦始皇, pronunciation; February 259 – 12 July 210 BC) was the founder of the Qin dynasty and the first emperor of China. Rather than...
Qin Er Shi (230/222 – 207 BC), given name Ying Huhai, was the second emperor of the Qin dynasty from 210 to 207 BC. The son of Qin Shi Huang, he was put...
took place in the winter of 383 AD in China, where forces of the Di-led FormerQin dynasty were decisively defeated by the outnumbered army of the Eastern...
Qin Wang (秦王, King/Prince of Qin or King/Prince Qin) may refer to: King Huiwen of Qin, ruled 338 BC – 311 BC, son of Duke Xiao of Qin King Wu of Qin, ruled...
period in northern China. The Later Qin is entirely distinct from the Qin dynasty, the FormerQin and the Western Qin. Its second ruler, Yao Xing, supported...
Championships, Qin became the first swimmer in history to win all three breaststroke events at a single edition of the championships. Qin was also the former world...
Global Information
