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China, officially the People's Republic of China (PRC), has full diplomatic relations with 180 out of the other 192 United Nations member states, Cook Islands, Niue and the State of Palestine. As of 2024[update], China has had the most diplomatic missions of any state.[1]
China officially claims it "unswervingly pursues an independent foreign policy of peace".[2] The fundamental goals of this policy are to preserve China's independence, sovereignty and territorial integrity, create a favorable international environment for China's reform and opening up and modernization of construction, and to maintain world peace and propel common development."[3] An example of a foreign policy decision guided by "sovereignty and territorial integrity" is not engaging in diplomatic relations with any country that recognizes the Republic of China (Taiwan), which the PRC does not recognise as a separate nation.[4][5][6]
China is a member of many international organizations, holding key positions such as a permanent membership on the United Nations Security Council. In the early 1970s, the PRC replaced the ROC as the recognised government of "China" in the UN following Resolution 2758. As a nuclear power, China signed the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons in the United Nations.
- ^ "Global Diplomacy Index – Country Rank". Lowy Institute. Retrieved 26 February 2024.
- ^ "Independent Foreign Policy of Peace". www.fmprc.gov.cn. Retrieved 9 August 2021.
- ^ "Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the People's Republic of China". Archived from the original on 23 February 2014. Retrieved 19 February 2015.
- ^ Williams, David (8 January 2008). "China-Taiwan tussle in Bim politics". BBC News. Archived from the original on 24 September 2015. Retrieved 13 July 2010.
Beijing and Taipei often trade insults over which is using "dollar diplomacy" in the form of offers of aid or cheap loans to curry influence around the world. The 'One-China' policy ensures that nations cannot have official relations with both China and Taiwan.
- ^ Ninvalle, Pete (27 April 2007). "China halts St. Lucia work". BBC News. Archived from the original on 15 September 2007. Retrieved 13 July 2010.
- ^ Erikson, Daniel (8 January 2010). "China in the Caribbean: The New Big Brother". Star Publishing Company. Retrieved 13 July 2010.
China's overall strategy for the Caribbean has been driven by a desire to ensure the security of Chinese offshore financial holdings, woo countries with infrastructure projects and investment deals to ensure support for China in multilateral organizations, and promote the crucial "One China" policy to isolate Taiwan on the world stage.
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