This article needs to be updated. Please help update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information.(March 2020)
Historically, Venezuela has been categorized as one of the most successful countries (at least, economically speaking) in Latin America specifically during its democratic period between 1958 and 1999.[1] As the wealthiest country in this region and an OPEC member, Venezuela has been more frequently a donor than a recipient of foreign assistance.[2] Its economic dependency on oil resources was (and still is) the main reason why this reputation reached the international public sphere.[3] The effectiveness of oil revenues has had a huge impact on public expenditure and, as a result, a double-sword mechanism for the government to choose between an effective role for this institution towards a welfare state and clientelism.[4]
^Levine, Daniel H. (April 2002). "The Decline and Fall of Democracy in Venezuela: Ten Theses". Bulletin of Latin American Research. 21 (2): 248–269. doi:10.1111/1470-9856.00042. ISSN 0261-3050.
^Bermeo, Sarah Blodgett (2011-11-01). "Foreign Aid and Regime Change: A Role for Donor Intent". World Development. Expanding Our Understanding of Aid with a New Generation in Development Finance Information. 39 (11): 2021–2031. doi:10.1016/j.worlddev.2011.07.019. ISSN 0305-750X.
^Collins, Stephen D. (2015). "The Global Strategic Effects of South-South Foreign Aid". New England Journal of Political Science. 8 (1): 4.
^Carvalho, Thales; Lopes, Dawisson Belém (August 2022). "International Clientelistic Networks: The Case of Venezuela at the United Nations General Assembly, 1999–2015". Latin American Politics and Society. 64 (3): 37–66. doi:10.1017/lap.2022.11. ISSN 1531-426X.
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