For systems where initial pass denotes a strong hand, see Strong pass.
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In the card game bridge, a forcing pass is an agreement or understanding that a pass call obliges the partner to bid, double, or redouble over an intermediate opposing pass, i.e. partner must "keep the bidding open".[1]
... – (act) – Pass – (Pass) – ?
Here "..." represents any beginning to the auction. The forcing pass (bold) necessarily occurs directly over an opposing bid, double, or redouble (act). After a pass over a pass, the auction might end before partner's turn.
In other words, the partnership is committed to act somehow rather than to end the auction now; that is a precondition. The first, direct, "forcing pass" refers to partner the choice how to act. There is no commitment to accept partner's choice. Indeed, a forcing pass ensures that the auction will return to the one who issues it, so it may be interpreted as the first half of a two-step action by that player.
Normally double is natural where pass is forcing. That is, double suggests the current denomination and strain, doubled, as a final contract.
"Forcing pass" is also a synonym for strong pass, a conventional pass in first or second position that shows a strong hand and is "a form of opening bid" in effect.[1] Strong pass systems are barred from many competitive events.[2]
^ abFrancis, Henry G.; Truscott, Alan F.; Francis, Dorthy A., eds. (2001). The Official Encyclopedia of Bridge (6th ed.). Memphis, TN: American Contract Bridge League. p. 162. ISBN 0-943855-44-6. OCLC 49606900.
natural where pass is forcing. That is, double suggests the current denomination and strain, doubled, as a final contract. "Forcingpass" is also a synonym...
similarities with strong club systems. Strong pass systems are sometimes called "forcingpass" systems; the term "strong pass" is preferred here to avoid confusion...
points (HCP) and is non-forcing. Opener, with a balanced minimum, may pass the 1NT response and, if the opponents also pass, that will become the contract...
concepts within the game of contract bridge: Forcing bid Forcing defense Forcing notrump ForcingpassForcing take-out, an obsolete name for a strong jump...
not pass, thereby preventing his left-hand opponent from ending the auction with a pass and enabling the "forcing bidder" to bid further. A forcing bid...
passed hand is also a matter of partnership agreement; there is no consensus amongst experts on the options as to its use being non-forcing, forcing,...
use a "forcingpass" by the partner of the 1NT opener. The 1NT opener is then obliged to redouble. The partner of the 1NT opener may then pass the redouble...
to making a forcingpass and then bidding over partner's double (pass and pull). An initial pass when playing a strong pass system. Forcing take-out Obsolete...
well). Many experts today use a system called 2/1 game forcing (enunciated as two over one game forcing), which amongst other features adds some complexity...
spade suit. In the forcing Stayman variant, the bid is one-round forcing. In the original Precision Club system, forcing and non-forcing Stayman are differentiated...
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to a weak-two opening, RONF ("Raise Only Non-Force") is used. The Jacoby 2NT is used to show a game-forcing raise of a major suit with four-card support...
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but forcing. D'Ovidio wanted to "refine" the bidding with an advance cue bid of 4♦ before supporting spades, but Chemla got the wrong idea and passed, imagining...
relative to cloud-free conditions, is described as cloud forcing, cloud radiative forcing (CRF) or cloud radiative effect (CRE) At the top of the atmosphere...
responder is not forcing. However, most negative doublers play that a new suit response (or free bid), whether at the one level or higher, is forcing. The negative...
pass or correct. Advancer would bid 2♠ showing non-forcing values in spades but invitational values for hearts. Advancer would bid 2NT with a forcing...
exit to bidding short of a Game Call anyway — consider if you will be forcing a de facto game call by advancing the bidding in this way, and what are...
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in internet play 2/1 game forcing, based on Standard American and gradually superseding it. Some features of 2/1 game forcing originated from the Roth–Stone...
one can now pass. Other bids are invitational, describing also the nature of the hand. A 2♦ rebid by responder, however, is game forcing with any hand...
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