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In semiconductor physics, the flat band potential of a semiconductor defines the potential at which there is no depletion layer at the junction between a semiconductor and an electrolyte[1] or p-n-junction. This is a consequence of the condition that the redox Fermi level of the electrolyte must be equal to the Fermi level of the semiconductor [1] and therefore preventing any band bending of the conduction and valence band. An application of the flat band potential can be found in the determining the width of the space charge region in a semiconductor-electrolyte junction.[2] Furthermore, it is used in the Mott-Schottky equation to determine the capacitance of the semiconductor-electrolyte junction [3][4][5] and plays a role in the photocurrent of a photoelectrochemical cell.[2][5] The value of the flat band potential depends on many factors, such as the material, pH and crystal structure of the material[3][6][7]
^ abSixto Giménez and Juan Bisquert. Photoelectrochemical Solar Fuel Production. Springer, Switzerland, 2016.
^ abM Sharon. An Introduction to the Physics and Electrochemistry of Semiconductors. John Wiley & sons, inc and Scrivener Publishing LLC, New Jersey and Beverly, 2016.
^ abK. Gelderman, L. Lee, and S. W. Donne. Flat-band potential of a semiconductor: Using the mott–schottky equation. Journal of Chemical Education, 84(4):685, 2007.
^W. John Albery, Gerald J. O’Shea, and Alec L. Smith. Interpretation and use of mott–schottky plots at the semiconductor/electrolyte interface. J. Chem. Soc., Faraday Trans., 92:4083–4085, 1996.
^ abAnna Hankin, Franky E. Bedoya-Lora, John C. Alexander, Anna Regoutz, and Geoff H. Kelsall. Flat band potential determination: avoiding the pitfalls. J. Mater. Chem. A, 7:26162–26176, 2019.
^M. Radecka, M. Rekas, A. Trenczek-Zajac, and K. Zakrzewska. Importance of the band gap energy and flat band potential for application of modified tio2 photoanodes in water photolysis. Journal of Power Sources, 181(1):46 – 55, 2008. SPECIAL SECTION Selected papers from the 1st POLISH FORUM ON FUEL CELLS AND HYDROGEN.
^E. C. Dutoit, F. Cardon, and W. P. Gomes. Electrochemical properties of the semiconducting tio2 (rutile) single crystal electrode. Berichte der Bunsengesellschaft f¨ur physikalische Chemie, 80(6):475–481, 1976.
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