Siege between Qajar Iran and the Principality of Herat
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First Herat War
Part of The Great Game
A Qajar lacquer book cover depicting preparations for the Siege of Herat.
Date
13 November 1837–9 September 1838 (9 months, 2 weeks and 3 days)
Supported by: British Empire Aimaq tribesmen Maimana Khanate Andkhui Khanate Sheberghan Khanate Sar-i Pul Khanate Bukhara Emirate Khiva Khanate[1]
Persia
Supported by: Russian Empire Principality of Qandahar
Commanders and leaders
Yar Mohammad Khan Alakozai
Lt. Eldred Pottinger
Mohammad Shah
General Berowski †
Asef al-Dowleh
Strength
~ 45,000 total troops[2]
Bombay Army: 500[3]
Afghan Army: 22,000[4]
Sunni Confederacy: 15,000
Ships:
HMS Semiramis
40,000 total troops[5]
Persian Army (Oct. 1837): 30,000+
Reinforcements (Jan. 1838): 10,000
Casualties and losses
Unknown
Unknown
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Location within Afghanistan
v
t
e
Conflicts in Afghanistan (1793–1973)
1st Civil War
1st Ghilzai
Chindawol
1st Herat
Shahda
Nimla
3rd Herat
Attock
4th Herat
Kafir Qal'eh
Multan
2nd Civil War
3rd Civil War
Shopian
Nowshera
5th Herat
1st Hazara
6th Herat
1st Shuja
Jalalabad
Peshawar
Jamrud
7th Herat
1st Afghan Turkestan
1st Britain, 2nd Shuja
2nd Hazara
1st Kandahar
Tagab
1st Chahar Wilayat
Balkh
2nd Kandahar, 8th Herat
Aqcha
2nd Afghan Turkestan
9th Herat
Sheberghan
3rd Kandahar
10th Herat
Maimana (1857)
1st Khost
Kunduz
11th Herat
2nd Civil War
12th Herat
13th Herat
2nd Chahar Wilayat
2nd Britain
14th Herat
3rd Civil War
1st Maimana
1st Ghilzai
2nd Turkestan
3rd Hazara
4th Hazara
Uruzgan
2nd Maimana
5th Hazara
Kafiristan
2nd Khost
1st Urtatagai
3rd Britain
Alizai
3rd Khost
2nd Urtatagai
4th Civil War
1st Soviet Union
Shinwari
1st Kuhistan
2nd Kuhistan
2nd Soviet Union
2nd Ghilzai
Tribal revolts
6th Hazara
7th Hazara
Republican coup
The First Herat War (Persian: جنگ اول هرات, romanized: Jang-e Avval-e Herāt, 1837–1838) was an attack on the Principality of Herat by Qajar Iran during the Great Game. Herat was held by Kamran Shah and his vizier Yar Mohammad Khan Alakozai. The Shah of Persia was Mohammed Shah Qajar. Four Europeans were involved: the British, Sir John McNeill and Eldred Pottinger as well as the Russians, Count Simonich and Yan Vitkevich. Sher Mohammad Khan Hazara, an ally of Kamran and chieftain of the Qala-e Naw Hazaras, helped form a Sunni confederacy of Aimaq, Turkman, and Uzbek tribes and played a crucial role in defending Herat when the city was besieged.[6] The siege ended when neither side gained a clear advantage, the British threatened to take military action and the Russians withdrew their support.
^L.Lee, Johnathan (1996). The 'Ancient Supremacy': Bukhara, Afghanistan & the Battle for Balkh, 1731–1901. Brill Publishers. p. 150. ISBN 978-90-04-10399-3. ISSN 0929-2403.
^Allen, H. Wm. (1844). A Gazetteer of the Countries Adjacent to India on the North-West; Including Sinde, Afghanistan, Beloochistan, the Punjab and the Neighbouring States in Two Volumes Compiled by the Authority of the Hon. Court of Directors of the East-India Company and Chiefly from Documents in Their Possession. Vol. 1 pp. 231–233.
^Kelly, John Barrett (1968).
"[1]" Britain & The Persian Gulf 1795–1880. pp. 295.
^Yusuf, Mohamed (1988). A History of Afghanistan, from 1793 A.D. to 1865 A.D. CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform. ISBN 1466222417.
^Nelson, John Carl (1976).
"[2]" The Siege of Herat: 1837–1838. Culminating Projects in History. pp. 45.
^Lee, Jonathan L. (1996-01-01). The "Ancient Supremacy": Bukhara, Afghanistan and the Battle for Balkh, 1731–1901. BRILL. ISBN 978-90-04-10399-3.
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